Tufted puffin reproduction reveals ocean climate variability
Tufted puffin reproduction reveals ocean climate variability
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1133383100
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发表时间：
2003-08-05
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Blackburn, GS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gjerdrum, C;Vallée, AMJ;Blackburn, GS
异常温暖的海表温度（SSTs）与年际和年代际变率以及指示全球变暖的长期气候变化有关。这种振荡可能导致各种海洋过程的变化，从而影响全世界的海洋物种。随着全球气温的持续上升，能够预测这些变化对物种数量、分布和生态关系的影响，从而识别出脆弱的种群，将是至关重要的。在不列颠哥伦比亚省沿海，温暖的海温在过去的二十年中一直持续存在。基于1975 ~ 2002年16年的繁殖数据，研究表明：毛羽海雀（Fratercuia cirrata）繁殖性能的极端变化与季节内和季节间海温的变化有关。特别是温暖的海温与海雀雏鸟的生长速率和羽化成功率急剧下降有关。海雀可能通过调整其繁殖物候来部分补偿与海温相关的季节内变化，但我们的数据也表明，海雀在该地点极易受到气候变化的影响，可能作为北太平洋生物变化的有价值的指标。海洋温度的进一步和长期上升可能会使三角岛不适合作为该物种的繁殖地，三角岛拥有加拿大最大的簇状海雀群落。
Anomalously warm sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) are associated with interannual and decadal variability as well as with long-term climate changes indicative of global warming. Such oscillations could precipitate changes in a variety of oceanic processes to affect marine species worldwide. As global temperatures continue to rise, it will be critically important to be able to predict the effects of such changes on species' abundance, distribution, and ecological relationships so as to identify vulnerable populations. Off the coast of British Columbia, warm SSTs have persisted through the last two decades. Based on 16 years of reproductive data collected between 1975 and 2002, we show that the extreme variation in reproductive performance exhibited by tufted puffins (Fratercuia cirrhata) was related to changes in SST both within and among seasons. Especially warm SSTs corresponded with drastically decreased growth rates and fledging success of puffin nestlings. Puffins may partially compensate for within-season changes associated with SST by adjusting their breeding phenology, yet our data also suggest that they are highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change at this site and may serve as a valuable indicator of biological change in the North Pacific. Further and prolonged increases in ocean temperature could make Triangle Island, which contains the largest tufted puffin colony in Canada, unsuitable as a breeding site for this species.