Triploidy appeared in the Back-Cross Offspring from Funa-Carp Crossing
Triploidy appeared in the Back-Cross Offspring from Funa-Carp Crossing
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富纳鲤鱼杂交的回交后代中出现三倍体
DOI：
10.2183/pjab1945.51.702
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发表时间：
1975
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Ueno
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Ojima;M. Hayashi;K. Ueno
虽然到目前为止，许多鱼类学家在科学和实践方面都对鱼类杂交做了大量的工作，但对细胞遗传学问题的认识仍然很少。通过实验杂交的方法分析遗传系统对于理解相关类型的细胞分类学差异是重要的。另一方面，在鱼类中，染色体多态性或多倍性与其地理分布之间存在着显著的相关性。鱼类实验杂交的重要性日益增加，为物种分化的关键考虑。鲫鱼属（Carassius）是分布于日本的鲤科鱼类，根据中村（1969）的分类，分为5个亚种：鲫鱼（Carassius auratus subsp.）; C. a. buergeri ; C. a. grandoculis ; C. a. langsdorl i ;和C. a. cuvieri。在这些亚种中有两种生殖方式：两性生殖和雌核发育。小林（1970，1972，1973）报道了三种以二倍体、三倍体和四倍体形式为特征的染色体多态性。a. langsdorii。在C. a. buergeri（小林1975）。已经表明，在雌核发育形式中，三倍体卵子被来自两性物种的精子激活，并且父本基因组不参与受精。后代只有母亲的基因组。本文报道了鱼类（Carassiusauratuscuvieri）与鲤鱼（Cyprinuscarpio）属间杂种的细胞遗传学研究。材料和方法。在封闭条件下，Funa（~）和Carp（~）交配产生杂种F1。也可能进行具有类似结果的相互杂交。我的hy-
Although a considerable work has so far been done on fish hybrids by a number of ichthyologists in both scientific and practical interest, knowledge has remained meagre on the cytogenetic problems. Analyses of genetic systems by means of experimental hybridization have proved important for the understanding of cytotaxonomic difference of related forms. On the other hand, significant co-relationships between the geographical distribution and chromosomal polymorphism or polyploidism have been announced in fishes. Importance of experimental hybridization in fishes has been increasing for the critical consideration of species differentiation. The genus Carassius known by a common name of the Funa is a member of the Cyprinidae distributing in Japan, and subdivided into 5 subspecies according to Nakamura (1969) : Carassius auratus subsp. ; C. a. buergeri ; C. a. grandoculis ; C. a. langsdorl i ; and C. a. cuvieri. Two types of reproduction have been suggested in these subspecies : bisexual and gynogenesis. Kobayashi (1970, 1972, 1973) reported three chromosomal polymorphisms characterized by diploid, triploid and tetraploid forms in C. a. langsdorii. Diploid and triploid forms have been noted in C. a. buergeri (Kobayashi 1975). It has been shown that in gynogenetic forms, triploid eggs are activated by sperm from bisexual species, and that the paternal genome does not participate in the fertilization. Then the offspring possess the maternal genome only. Implicated in speciation, polyploidism and reproduction of the genus Carassius, the present authors have been dealing with some cytogenetic investigations in intergeneric hybrids between the Funa (Carassius auratus cuvieri) and the Carp (Cyprinus carpio) produced by experimental way. Materials and methods. When kept under a confined condition, the Funa (~) and the Carp (~) mated and produced hybrids (F1). Reciprocal crosses were also possible with similar results. The hy-