Cross-cultural differences in children's choices, categorizations, and evaluations of truths and lies
Cross-cultural differences in children's choices, categorizations, and evaluations of truths and lies
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DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.43.2.278
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Lee, Kang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fu, Genyue;Xu, Fen;Lee, Kang
这项研究考察了儿童对个人或集体导向的谎言和真理的道德理解的跨文化差异和相似性。7岁、9岁和11岁的加拿大和中国儿童被读到关于故事人物面临道德困境的故事，他们面临着是撒谎还是说真话来帮助一个群体，但伤害一个人，反之亦然。参与者选择说谎或说实话，就好像他们是故事人物一样(实验I和实验2)，并对故事人物的真实和不真实陈述进行分类和评估(实验3和4)。这两种文化中的大多数孩子都把谎言贴上谎言的标签，把真相贴上真理的标签。主要的文化差异在于选择和道德评价。中国儿童选择撒谎是为了帮助集体，但伤害个人，他们对撒谎的负面评价低于撒谎，结果相反。中国儿童认为说真话是为了帮助一个人，但对一个群体的伤害不如另一种选择。加拿大的孩子们做了相反的事情。这些发现表明，强调群体和个体的跨文化差异会影响儿童对真相和欺骗的选择和道德判断。
This study examined cross-cultural differences and similarities in children's moral understanding of individual- or collective-oriented lies and truths. Seven-, 9-, and 11-year-old Canadian and Chinese children were read stories about story characters facing moral dilemmas about whether to lie or tell the truth to help a group but harm an individual or vice versa. Participants chose to lie or to tell the truth as if they were the character (Experiments I and 2) and categorized and evaluated the story characters' truthful and untruthful statements (Experiments 3 and 4). Most children in both cultures labeled lies as lies and truths as truths. The major cultural differences lay in choices and moral evaluations. Chinese children chose lying to help a collective but harm an individual, and they rated it less negatively than lying with opposite consequences. Chinese children rated truth telling to help an individual but harm a group less positively than the alternative. Canadian children did the opposite. These findings suggest that cross-cultural differences in emphasis on groups versus individuals affect children's choices and moral judgments about truth and deception.