Looking back and moving forward: dimensions of coping flexibility divergently predict long-term bereavement outcomes.
Looking back and moving forward: dimensions of coping flexibility divergently predict long-term bereavement outcomes.
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回顾过去并展望未来：应对灵活性的各个维度对长期丧亲结果的预测各不相同。
DOI：
10.1080/10615806.2022.2099545
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bonanno,GeorgeA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huang,SandyH;Birk,JeffreyL;Bonanno,GeorgeA
背景和目的丧亲之痛是一个严重的公共卫生问题。有些人在亲人去世后会遭受长期和衰弱的功能障碍。有证据表明，应对方法的灵活性可以预测压力性生活事件后的恢复力，但其在丧亲之痛的独特经历后的长期影响尚不清楚。哪些应对灵活性策略预测了丧亲者随着时间的推移，在什么时候会有更好或更差的调整？设计与方法本研究采用路径分析法，以一个丧偶的成年人为研究对象，在丧偶后的三个时间点，探讨了前向关注和失向关注应对策略对持续性复杂丧亲障碍（PCBD）、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍症状的纵向影响结果前向焦点应对总体上表现出适应性效用，对PCBD的影响比对抑郁的影响更快。相比之下，损失的重点应对表现出延迟发作，适应不良的patterns.ConclusionsThe研究结果有助于应对灵活性文献表明，不同的应对策略的适应性或适应不良可能取决于上下文，需要应对。特别是，在丧亲之痛的情况下，前向焦点应对可能比失焦应对更有利。最后，本文讨论了本研究的意义、局限性和未来的研究方向。
Background and ObjectivesBereavement is a serious public health concern. Some people suffer prolonged and debilitating functional impairment after the death of a loved one. Evidence suggests that flexibility in coping approaches predicts resilience after stressful life events, but its long-term effects after the unique experience of bereavement are unknown. Which strategies of coping flexibility predict better—or worse—adjustment over time for bereaved people and at what times?Design and MethodsThe present study used path analyses to investigate longitudinal effects of forward-focus and loss-focus coping strategies on symptoms of persistent complex bereavement disorder (PCBD), depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder in a spousally bereaved adult sample (N= 248) at three time-points after the loss (∼3 months, ∼14 months, and ∼25 months).ResultsForward-focus coping demonstrated adaptive utility overall, with sooner effects on PCBD than on depression. By contrast, loss-focus coping demonstrated a delayed-onset, maladaptive pattern.ConclusionsThe findings contribute to the coping flexibility literature by suggesting that the adaptiveness or maladaptiveness of different coping strategies may depend on the context that requires coping. In particular, forward-focus coping may be substantially more advantageous than loss-focus coping in the context of bereavement. Implications, limitations, and future research directions are discussed.