Children with Autism show Atypical Preference for Non-social Stimuli
Children with Autism show Atypical Preference for Non-social Stimuli
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-46705-8
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发表时间：
2019-07-17
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Klintwall, Lars
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gale, Catherine M.;Eikeseth, Svein;Klintwall, Lars
本研究描述了三项研究来验证这一假设，即自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童表现出对非社会刺激的非典型偏好。使用便携式平板电脑上的应用程序评估了对非社会和社会刺激的偏好。28名ASD儿童的发育年龄与41名典型发育期(TD)儿童的年龄相匹配。非社会刺激由六种不同的抽象运动几何图案的电影组成。社会刺激是六个不同的年轻人脸部电影(研究1和3)或六个不同狗的脸部电影(研究2)。当要在非社会刺激和社会刺激之间进行选择时，患有自闭症的儿童更喜欢非社会刺激。当人的脸被狗的脸取代时，患有自闭症的参与者仍然更喜欢非社交刺激。当非社会刺激单独呈现时，非社会刺激的强化值也很高，这表明对非社会刺激的偏好不仅仅是对社会刺激的回避。当婴儿更喜欢非社会刺激而不是社会刺激时，可能会导致在社会交流和社会兴趣方面的非典型发展，以及高水平和频繁发生的刻板印象和重复行为的发展。这些行为定义了自闭症。
The present investigation describes three studies testing the hypothesis that children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) show an atypical preference for non-social stimuli. Preference for non-social and social stimuli was assessed using applications on a portable tablet computer. Twenty-eight children with ASD were matched on developmental age with the chronological age of 41 typically developing (TD) children. The non-social stimuli consisted of six different films of abstract moving geometric patterns. Social stimuli were six different films of the face of young adults (Study 1 and 3) or six films of different dogs' faces (Study 2). When given a choice between the non-social and social stimuli, children with ASD preferred the non-social stimuli. When the human faces were replaced with dogs' faces the participants with ASD continued to prefer the non-social stimuli. A high reinforcement value of non-social stimuli was also demonstrated when the non-social stimuli were presented alone, suggesting the preference for the non-social stimuli was not simply an avoidance of social stimuli. Whenever an infant prefers non-social stimuli over social stimuli, non-typical development in social communication and social interests may result, together with the development of high levels and frequently occurring stereotyped and repetitive behavior. These behaviors define Autism.