Time course of emotion-related responding during distraction and reappraisal
Time course of emotion-related responding during distraction and reappraisal
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DOI：
10.1093/scan/nst116
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Wessa, Michele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schoenfelder, Sandra;Kanske, Philipp;Wessa, Michele
情绪调节（ER）的理论解释区分了自愿改变情绪状态的各种认知策略。其中，注意力部署（即分心）和认知改变（即重新评估）已被证明可以成功地下调情绪。神经影像学研究发现，这两种策略对与选择性注意力、工作记忆和认知控制相关的神经结构都有不同的参与。本研究的目的是通过使用事件相关电位 (ERP) 及其面部表情行为模式研究 ER 策略重新评估和分心策略之间的相似性和差异。 21 名参与者完成了一项 ER 实验，其中他们必须被动地观看积极、中性和消极的图片，重新解释它们以下调情感反应（重新评估），或者解决同时呈现的数学方程（分散注意力）。结果表明，这两种策略在主观情绪控制方面均有效，同时伴随着面部表情活动（上皱肌和颧大肌）的减少。 ERP 结果表明，与重新评估相比，分散注意力会对负面图片的晚期正电位 (LPP) 幅度产生更强、更早的衰减。对于正面图片，只有分散注意力而没有重新评价对 LPP 衰减有显着影响。结果支持 ER 的过程模型，根据特定的时间过程区分认知策略的子类型。
Theoretical accounts of emotion regulation (ER) discriminate various cognitive strategies to voluntarily modify emotional states. Amongst these, attentional deployment (i.e. distraction) and cognitive change (i.e. reappraisal), have been shown to successfully down-regulate emotions. Neuroimaging studies found that both strategies differentially engage neural structures associated with selective attention, working memory and cognitive control. The aim of this study was to further delineate similarities and differences between the ER strategies reappraisal and distraction by investigating their temporal brain dynamics using event-related potentials (ERPs) and their patterns of facial expressive behavior. Twenty-one participants completed an ER experiment in which they had to either passively view positive, neutral and negative pictures, reinterpret them to down-regulate affective responses (reappraisal), or solve a concurrently presented mathematical equation (distraction). Results demonstrate the efficacy of both strategies in the subjective control of emotion, accompanied by reductions of facial expressive activity (Corrugator supercilii and Zygomaticus major). ERP results indicated that distraction, compared with reappraisal, yielded a stronger and earlier attenuation of the late positive potential (LPP) magnitude for negative pictures. For positive pictures, only distraction but not reappraisal had significant effect on LPP attenuation. The results support the process model of ER, separating subtypes of cognitive strategies based on their specific time course.