Salp-falls in the Tasman Sea: a major food input to deep-sea benthos
Salp-falls in the Tasman Sea: a major food input to deep-sea benthos
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DOI：
10.3354/meps10450
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发表时间：
2013-10
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
N. Henschke;D. Bowden;J. Everett;S. Holmes;Rudy J. Kloser;R. Lee;I. Suthers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Henschke;D. Bowden;J. Everett;S. Holmes;Rudy J. Kloser;R. Lee;I. Suthers
大型、快速下沉的尸体（食物瀑布）是深海底栖生物群落的重要营养来源。2007年和2009年，在塔斯曼海底200米至2 500米深处观察到大量海鞘Thetys vagina沉积，并观察到底栖甲壳类动物以其为食。对长期（1981年至2011年）拖网调查数据库的分析确定，塔斯曼海东部的海鞘生物量（湿重，WW）经常超过100 t km（-3）yr（-1），单次拖网记录的生物量高达734 t km（-3）。由于下沉速度快，Salp流向海底的流量全年都在发生。海鞘和海蜇一样，一直被认为营养价值低，然而，生化分析表明，T。阴道有一个碳（31%干重，DW）和能量（11.00 kJ克（-1）DW）的内容更类似于浮游植物水华，桡足类和鱼类比水母，他们经常分组。从塔斯曼海拖网数据库中记录的海鞘平均年生物量（4.81 t km（-2）WW）的沉积比该地区通常估计的碳输入增加了330%。由于其数量丰富，迅速出口到海底和高营养价值，salp尸体可能是海底食物网的重要碳输入，这一点到目前为止在很大程度上一直被忽视。
Large, fast-sinking carcasses (food-falls) are an important source of nutrition to deep-sea benthic communities. In 2007 and 2009, mass depositions of the salp Thetys vagina were observed on the Tasman Sea floor between 200 and 2500 m depth, where benthic crustaceans were observed feeding on them. Analysis of a long-term (1981 to 2011) trawl survey database determined that salp biomass (wet weight, WW) in the eastern Tasman Sea regularly exceeds 100 t km(-3) yr(-1), with biomasses as high as 734 t km(-3) recorded in a single trawl. With fast sinking rates, salp fluxes to the seafloor occur year-round. Salps, like jellyfish, have been considered to be of low nutritional value; however, biochemical analyses revealed that T. vagina has a carbon (31% dry weight, DW) and energy (11.00 kJ g(-1) DW) content more similar to that of phytoplankton blooms, copepods and fish than to that of jellyfish, with which they are often grouped. The deposition of the mean yearly biomass (4.81 t km(-2) WW) of salps recorded from the trawl database in the Tasman Sea represents a 330% increase to the carbon input normally estimated for this region. Given their abundance, rapid export to the seabed and high nutritional value, salp carcasses are likely to be a significant input of carbon to benthic food webs, which, until now, has been largely overlooked.