Effects of coseismic megasplay fault activity on earthquake hazards: Insights from discrete element simulations
Effects of coseismic megasplay fault activity on earthquake hazards: Insights from discrete element simulations
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同震巨型扇断层活动对地震灾害的影响：离散元模拟的见解
DOI：
10.1016/j.jsg.2022.104533
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Morgan, Julia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Xiaoyu;Morgan, Julia
深水巨型断层可能促进或限制地震破裂和海啸的发生。为了更好地了解巨型断层如何影响地震破裂和相关的海啸潜力，我们使用离散元法（DEM）模拟上板块作为一个楔形体，分为地震（速度减弱，VW）内楔和地震外（速度加强，VS）楔，结合一个splay故障植根于滑脱。我们研究了地震破裂过程中外楔（VS）的宽度，以及沿展布断层的倾角和摩擦力沿着。我们的研究结果表明，沿走向变化的VS外楔沿着智利边缘的宽度可能发挥了关键作用，在2010年马乌莱地震破裂段的展布断层活动。此外，我们的模型适合于2010年马乌莱地震公布的滑动分布表明，巨型断层激活并没有显着影响地震的大小沿着中南部智利边缘。与此相反，我们的模型拟合的滑动分布为2011年东北地震表明，巨型断层复活可能有适度影响地震同震破裂。展布断层可以同震滑动，导致相关的海啸。然而，VS外楔的存在是对破裂大小和海啸生成的主要限制。
Deep-water megasplay faults may promote or limit earthquake rupture and tsunami genesis. To better understand how megasplay faults affect earthquake rupture and associated tsunami potential, we use the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to model the upper plate as a wedge that is partitioned into a seismic (velocity-weakening, VW) inner wedge and an aseismic outer (velocity-strengthening, VS) wedge, combined with a splay fault rooting at the decollement. We examine the effects of the width of the outer (VS) wedge, as well as the dip and friction along the splay fault during earthquake rupture. Our results suggest that along-strike variations in the width of the VS outer wedge along the Chile Margin may play a key role in splay fault activity in the ruptured segment of the 2010 Maule earthquake. In addition, our model fit to the published slip distribution for the 2010 Maule earthquake suggests that megasplay fault activation did not significantly impact earthquake size along the south-central Chile Margin. In contrast, our model fit to the slip distribution for the 2011 Tohoku earthquake shows that megasplay fault reactivation may have moderately affected earthquake coseismic rupture. Splay faults can slip coseismically, contributing to associated tsunamis. However, the presence of a VS outer wedge is the predominant constraint on rupture size and tsunami generation.
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影响因子：
5.8
作者：
J. Morgan;N. Bangs
通讯作者：
J. Morgan;N. Bangs
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
X. Tong;D. Sandwell;K. Luttrell;B. Brooks;M. Bevis;M. Shimada;J. Foster;R. Smalley;Héctor Parra;Juan Carlos Báez Soto;M. Blanco;E. Kendrick;J. Genrich;D. Caccamise
通讯作者：
X. Tong;D. Sandwell;K. Luttrell;B. Brooks;M. Bevis;M. Shimada;J. Foster;R. Smalley;Héctor Parra;Juan Carlos Báez Soto;M. Blanco;E. Kendrick;J. Genrich;D. Caccamise
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Barker, Daniel H. N.;Henrys, Stuart;Wallace, Laura
通讯作者：
Wallace, Laura
弧前结构、断层滑动和地震震级之间的关系：数值模拟及其在智利中部边缘的应用
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Wang, Xiaoyu;Morgan, Julia;Bangs, Nathan
通讯作者：
Bangs, Nathan
2011 年东北大地震后前弧变形和应力切换的离散数值模拟控制
DOI：
10.1029/2019jb017420
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
影响因子：
--
作者：
Wang, Xiaoyu;Morgan, Julia K.
通讯作者：
Morgan, Julia K.