Resource partitioning within a browsing guild in a key habitat, the Chobe Riverfront, Botswana
Resource partitioning within a browsing guild in a key habitat, the Chobe Riverfront, Botswana
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博茨瓦纳乔贝河畔一个重要栖息地的浏览协会内的资源划分
DOI：
10.1017/s0266467405002701
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Shimane W. Makhabu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shimane W. Makhabu
评估了大象、长颈鹿、羚羊和黑斑羚之间的资源分配情况。这是为了解决人们的担忧，即大象数量的增加会消耗其他物种在靠近永久水源的关键地区的食物，从而对它们产生不利影响。所考虑的资源包括木质物种浏览、高度浏览和植物部分浏览。观察动物的浏览过程，记录动物的植物种类、浏览高度和浏览的植物部位。观测时间超过1年，数据分为湿季和旱季。计算了植物种类、取食高度和食用部位的资源利用重叠度Schoener指数，并测定了干湿季节重叠度的差异。计算了不同生物利用的植物物种生态位宽度的Levin测量值。木本物种身份是区分大象与长颈鹿、黑斑羚和羚羊所使用的食物资源的主要因素。长颈鹿、羚羊和黑斑羚主要在同一物种和植物部位进行浏览，但在不同高度进行浏览。不同季节间资源利用重叠度无显著差异。由于大象与其他动物所吃的食物种类不同，大象数量的增加不太可能耗尽其他动物的食物资源。
Resource partitioning between elephant, giraffe, kudu and impala was assessed. This was to address concerns that elephant population increase adversely affects other species through depleting their food in key areas close to permanent water. Resources considered were woody species browsed, height browsed and plant parts browsed. Animals were observed as they browsed and the plant species, browsing heights and plant parts browsed were recorded. Observations were made over 1 y and the data were divided between wet and dry season. Schoener's index of resource use overlap was calculated for plant species, browsing heights and plant parts eaten and differences in overlap between wet and dry season were tested. Levin's measure of niche breadth in plant species utilized by the different browsers was calculated. Woody species identity was the main separator between food resources that elephant used and those giraffe, impala and kudu used. Giraffe, kudu and impala mainly browsed the same species and plant parts but browsed at different heights. There was no difference in resource use overlap between seasons with different resource availability. Since elephant browsed different woody species from those browsed by the others, it is unlikely that the increasing elephant population will deplete food resources for the other browsers.