Global, regional, and national trends in haemoglobin concentration and prevalence of total and severe anaemia in children and pregnant and non-pregnant women for 1995-2011: a systematic analysis of population-representative data.
Global, regional, and national trends in haemoglobin concentration and prevalence of total and severe anaemia in children and pregnant and non-pregnant women for 1995-2011: a systematic analysis of population-representative data.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s2214-109x(13)70001-9
复制
发表时间：
2013-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nutrition Impact Model Study Group (Anaemia)
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stevens GA;Finucane MM;De-Regil LM;Paciorek CJ;Flaxman SR;Branca F;Peña-Rosas JP;Bhutta ZA;Ezzati M;Nutrition Impact Model Study Group (Anaemia)
血红蛋白浓度低和贫血是影响妇女和儿童健康和发育的重要危险因素。我们估计了1995年至2011年期间幼儿、孕妇和非孕妇血红蛋白浓度分布以及贫血和严重贫血患病率的趋势。我们从全球107个国家的257个人口代表性数据来源中获得了6-59个月儿童和育龄妇女（15-49岁）的血红蛋白和贫血数据。我们使用了健康、营养和家庭调查;世卫组织维生素和矿物质营养信息系统的汇总统计数据;以及其他国家和国际机构报告的汇总统计数据。我们使用贝叶斯分层混合模型来估计血红蛋白分布，并系统地解决了缺失数据，非线性时间趋势和数据源的代表性。我们量化了估计的不确定性。1995年至2011年，全球平均血红蛋白从125 g/L略有改善，（95%可信区间123-126）至126 g/L（124-128）（非妊娠女性），112 g/L（111-113）至114 g/L（112-116）（妊娠女性），儿童为109 g/L（107-111）~ 111 g/L（110-113）。非怀孕妇女的贫血患病率从33%（29-37岁）降至29%（24-35岁），孕妇从43%（39-47岁）降至38%（34-43岁），儿童从47%（43-51岁）降至43%（38-47岁）。2011年，有4.96亿（4.09 - 5.95亿）未怀孕妇女、3 200万（2 800 - 3600万）孕妇和2.73亿（2.42 - 3.04亿）儿童患贫血症。2011年，南亚及中非和西非的平均血红蛋白浓度最低，贫血患病率最高。在1990年代浓度较低的一些区域，儿童和妇女的血红蛋白状况有所改善，导致全球平均血红蛋白略有增加，贫血患病率有所降低。一些区域，特别是南亚、中非和西非，需要进一步改善，以改善妇女和儿童的健康，实现减少贫血症的全球目标。比尔和梅林达盖茨基金会，加拿大大挑战和英国医学研究理事会。
Low haemoglobin concentrations and anaemia are important risk factors for the health and development of women and children. We estimated trends in the distributions of haemoglobin concentration and in the prevalence of anaemia and severe anaemia in young children and pregnant and non-pregnant women between 1995 and 2011. We obtained data about haemoglobin and anaemia for children aged 6–59 months and women of childbearing age (15–49 years) from 257 population-representative data sources from 107 countries worldwide. We used health, nutrition, and household surveys; summary statistics from WHO's Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System; and summary statistics reported by other national and international agencies. We used a Bayesian hierarchical mixture model to estimate haemoglobin distributions and systematically addressed missing data, non-linear time trends, and representativeness of data sources. We quantified the uncertainty of our estimates. Global mean haemoglobin improved slightly between 1995 and 2011, from 125 g/L (95% credibility interval 123–126) to 126 g/L (124–128) in non-pregnant women, from 112 g/L (111–113) to 114 g/L (112–116) in pregnant women, and from 109 g/L (107–111) to 111 g/L (110–113) in children. Anaemia prevalence decreased from 33% (29–37) to 29% (24–35) in non-pregnant women, from 43% (39–47) to 38% (34–43) in pregnant women, and from 47% (43–51) to 43% (38–47) in children. These prevalences translated to 496 million (409–595 million) non-pregnant women, 32 million (28–36 million) pregnant women, and 273 million (242–304 million) children with anaemia in 2011. In 2011, concentrations of mean haemoglobin were lowest and anaemia prevalence was highest in south Asia and central and west Africa. Children's and women's haemoglobin statuses improved in some regions where concentrations had been low in the 1990s, leading to a modest global increase in mean haemoglobin and a reduction in anaemia prevalence. Further improvements are needed in some regions, particularly south Asia and central and west Africa, to improve the health of women and children and achieve global targets for reducing anaemia. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Grand Challenges Canada, and the UK Medical Research Council.