Free at last: Bose metal uncaged

Free at last: Bose metal uncaged
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终于自由:Bose Metal 脱困

DOI:
10.1126/science.aaz9902
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
56.9
通讯作者:
Phillips, Philip W.
Phillips, Philip W.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Phillips, Philip W.

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即使是粒子世界也不能幸免于身份政治。玻色子一直处于一种身份危机中,或者说自1989年以来似乎是这样(1)。量子力学要求由两对电子组成的玻色子要么凝聚成具有零电阻的明确相的超流体,要么局限于具有无限电阻的绝缘状态。从超导态到绝缘态的直接转变在一系列薄膜中被广泛观察到(2-4)。解释这些观察结果的最流行的模型(5)声称,当薄膜的电阻超过临界值时,超导性就会被破坏。对于处于局域化边缘的玻色子,如果电阻大于电阻量子Rq=h/4 e ~ 2,则观察到电绝缘行为,否则超导性持续存在,其中普朗克常数和e是电荷。第1505页,Yanget al. (6)通过建立玻色子金属相破坏高温超导体YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x)(YBCO)中的超导体-绝缘体转变(SIT),提供了一个反例。
Even the particle world is not immune to identity politics. Bosons have been in a bit of an identity crisis, or so it has seemed since 1989 (1). Quantum mechanics requires bosons made of two paired electrons to either condense into a superfluid with a well-defined phase with zero electrical resistance or localize in an insulating state with infinite resistance. The direct transition from superconducting to insulating states was widely observed in a range of thin films (2–4). The most popular model for explaining these observations (5) claims that the destruction of superconductivity occurs when the resistance of the thin film exceeds a critical value. For bosons on the brink of localization, electrically insulating behavior is observed if the resistance is greater than the quantum of resistance,Rq=h/4e2, otherwise superconductivity persists, wherehis Planck's constant andeis the electric charge. On page 1505 of this issue, Yanget al.(6) offer a counterexample by establishing that a bosonic metallic phase disrupts the superconductor-insulator transition (SIT) in the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7–x(YBCO).
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