The cutaneous ecosystem: the roles of the skin microbiome in health and its association with inflammatory skin conditions in humans and animals
The cutaneous ecosystem: the roles of the skin microbiome in health and its association with inflammatory skin conditions in humans and animals
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DOI：
10.1111/vde.12408
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Hoffmann, Aline Rodrigues
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hoffmann, Aline Rodrigues
背景-居住在一个无菌的世界不再是一个可接受的或理想的概念。最近在微生物组领域开展的研究揭示了栖息在皮肤、消化道、呼吸道和生殖道的复杂微生物种群。微生物组研究为探索人类和动物的第二基因组、其功能及其在维持健康中的重要性开辟了新的途径。健康中的皮肤微生物组-皮肤微生物组的组成在不同的身体部位和个体之间存在差异，受不同宿主习惯的影响，包括例如年龄、性别、饮食、卫生和生活方式。暴露于不同的皮肤微生物群现在被认为是免疫调节的关键组成部分，这些微生物群的不平衡与人类和动物的皮肤炎症性疾病有关。炎症性皮肤疾病中的皮肤微生物群-我们已经了解到，在几种皮肤疾病中，皮肤上定植的微生物群的多样性和组成发生了显着变化。例如，在患有特应性皮炎的人类和动物患者中，皮肤微生物群的生态失调导致微生物种群的多样性降低。这些改变的微生物群是否是人类和动物中所见的炎症性皮肤病的原因或影响仍在调查中，但毫无疑问，微生物组在维持皮肤健康方面具有重要作用。摘要-本综述重点介绍了描述人类和动物皮肤微生物组的最新研究，其在调节免疫系统中的作用，及其与人类和动物皮肤病的关系。
Background - Inhabiting a sterile world is no longer an acceptable or desirable concept. Recent studies developed in the microbiome field have unveiled complex microbial populations inhabiting the skin, digestive, respiratory and reproductive tracts. Microbiome studies have opened new venues to explore the human and animal second genome, its functions and its importance in maintaining health.Skin microbiome in health - The composition of the skin microbiome varies across different body sites and across individuals, being influenced by different host habits, including for instance age, sex, diet, hygiene and lifestyle. Exposure to a diverse skin microbiome is now considered to be a key component in immune regulation, and imbalances in these microbial populations are being associated with human and animal skin inflammatory disorders.Skin microbiome in inflammatory skin conditions - We have learned that in several skin conditions, there is a significant alteration in the diversity and composition of the microbiota colonizing the skin. For instance, in human and animal patients with atopic dermatitis, dysbiosis of the skin microbiota results in lower diversity of microbial populations. Whether these altered microbial populations are the cause or the effect of inflammatory skin conditions seen in humans and animals are still under investigation, but there is no doubt that the microbiome has an important role in maintaining skin health.Summary - This review focuses on the most current studies describing the skin microbiome in humans and animals, its role in modulating the immune system, and its association with human and animal skin diseases.