Gold and by-product recovery of critical elements from gold ores using deep eutectic solvent ionic liquids: BRIO
Gold and by-product recovery of critical elements from gold ores using deep eutectic solvent ionic liquids: BRIO
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使用低共熔溶剂离子液体从金矿石中回收金和副产品关键元素：BRIO
DOI：
10.1080/03717453.2016.1166639
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jenkin G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jenkin G
金矿石及其精矿通常富含稀有或关键元素，如Te、Bi和Sb，但公司回收这些元素的经济激励措施很少。它们可能会流失到尾矿中或被焙烧掉（因此成为一种环境责任），或可能招致冶炼厂的处罚。这些元素的回收，沿着黄金一起，将增加价值并确保供应。离子液体是在低温下为液体的无水盐。它们是强效溶剂和电解质，在溶解和回收方面具有高选择性的潜力。低共熔溶剂是离子液体的一种形式，其是盐如氯化胆碱与氢键供体如尿素的混合物。这些溶剂对环境无害，但化学稳定，此外，这些成分已经以低成本大量生产（Jenkin等人，2015）。使用微浸出技术，采用光学轮廓仪，我们表明，金，银金矿，溶解迅速氧化与I2在深共晶溶剂在50 ℃（至少80倍的最大氰化速率在25 ℃）。已证明通过电沉积回收金（Abbott等人，2015）。就其本身而言，这是一种潜在的环境友好的替代氰化回收黄金。此外，hessite（Ag 2 Te）溶解速度与银金矿一样快，而自然碲，阿太矿（PbTe），碲铋矿（Bi 2 Te 3）和辉锑矿（Sb 2S 3）也溶解。贱金属硫化物如方铅矿和黄铜矿溶解缓慢，而黄铁矿和闪锌矿不溶。因此，在贱金属硫化物/黄铁矿脉石和Au、Ag、Te、Bi和Sb矿物之间的溶解速率有很好的区分，表明从金矿石中回收所有这些元素的潜力。黄铁矿和许多其他硫化物在低共熔溶剂中通过电解是可溶的。因此，锁定在黄铁矿中的金和其他目标矿物的包裹体可能通过电解释放，随后通过氧化溶解。
Gold ores, and concentrates from them, often contain high enrichments of scarce or critical elements such as Te, Bi and Sb, but there are few financial incentives for a company to recover these elements. They may be lost to tailings or roasted off (and so become an environmental liability), or can incur smelter penalties. Recovery of these elements, along with the gold, would add value and secure supply.Ionic liquids are anhydrous salts that are liquid at low temperature. They are powerful solvents and electrolytes with potential for high selectivity in both dissolution and recovery. Deep eutectic solvents are a form of ionic liquid that are mixtures of salts such as choline chloride with hydrogen-bond donors such as urea. These solvents are environmentally benign, yet chemically stable and, furthermore, the components are already produced in large quantities at low cost (Jenkin et al. 2015). Using a microleach technique employing an optical profiler we show that gold, as electrum, dissolves rapidly by oxidation with I2 in deep eutectic solvents at 50 C (at least 80x the maximum cyanidation rate at 25 C). Recovery of the gold by electrodeposition has been demonstrated (Abbott et al. 2015). In itself this is a potential environmentally-benign alternative to cyanidation for gold recovery. In addition, hessite (Ag2Te) dissolves as rapidly as electrum, whereas native tellurium, altaite (PbTe), tellurobismuthite (Bi2Te3) and stibnite (Sb2S3) also dissolve. Base metal sulphides such as galena and chalcopyrite dissolve slowly, whereas pyrite and sphalerite are insoluble. Thus there is good discrimination in dissolution rate between the base metal sulphides/pyrite gangue and the Au, Ag, Te, Bi and Sb minerals, suggesting the potential to recover all these elements from gold ores. Pyrite, and many other sulphides, are soluble by electrolysis in deep eutectic solvents. Thus inclusions of gold and other target minerals locked within pyrite could potentially be liberated by electrolysis for subsequent dissolution by oxidation.
芬诺斯坎迪亚地盾东北部的早元古代层状侵入体
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
T. Alapieti;B. A. Filén;J. Lahtinen;M. M. Lavrov;V. F. Smolkin;S. N. Voitsekhovsky
通讯作者：
S. N. Voitsekhovsky
科拉半岛早古元古代 Monchegorsk 层状镁铁矿-超镁铁矿地块：地质学、岩石学和矿石潜力
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
E. Sharkov;A. Chistyakov
通讯作者：
A. Chistyakov
苏联前寒武纪地质学
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. V. Rundkvist;F. Mitrofanov
通讯作者：
F. Mitrofanov