Kodan: Addressing the Computational Bottleneck in Space

Kodan: Addressing the Computational Bottleneck in Space
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Kodan:解决太空计算瓶颈

DOI:
10.1145/3582016.3582043
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
ASPLOS 2023: Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Noghabi, Shadi
Noghabi, Shadi
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Denby, Bradley;Chintalapudi, Krishna;Chandra, Ranveer;Lucia, Brandon;Noghabi, Shadi

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将航天器部署到近地轨道的成本不断下降,催生了大型卫星星座的出现。然而,高卫星速度、大图像数据量和短暂的地面站联系给数据下行链路带来了挑战。轨道边缘计算(OEC)在空间边缘过滤数据,解决了下行链路瓶颈,但将挑战转移到卫星上的非弹性计算能力。在这项工作中,我们提出了Kodan:一个OEC系统,它最大化了饱和卫星下行链路的效用,同时缓解了计算瓶颈。科丹由两个阶段组成。一次性转换步骤使用卫星数据分析应用程序的参考实现以及具有代表性的数据集,以产生专门的ML模型,目标是部署到空间边缘。在部署到目标卫星之后,运行时系统动态地为每个数据样本选择最佳的专用模型,以在计算瓶颈的约束内最大化下行链路的有价值的数据。通过智能过滤低价值数据并确定高价值数据的优先级,以便通过饱和的下行链路传输,Kodan将数据价值密度提高了89%至97%。
Decreasing costs of deploying space vehicles to low-Earth orbit have fostered an emergence of large constellations of satellites. However, high satellite velocities, large image data quantities, and brief ground station contacts create a data downlink challenge. Orbital edge computing (OEC), which filters data at the space edge, addresses this downlink bottleneck but shifts the challenge to the inelastic computational capabilities onboard satellites. In this work, we present Kodan: an OEC system that maximizes the utility of saturated satellite downlinks while mitigating the computational bottleneck. Kodan consists of two phases. A one-time transformation step uses a reference implementation of a satellite data analysis application, along with a representative dataset, to produce specialized ML models targeted for deployment to the space edge. After deployment to a target satellite, a runtime system dynamically selects the best specialized models for each data sample to maximize valuable data downlinked within the constraints of the computational bottleneck. By intelligently filtering low-value data and prioritizing high-value data for transmit via the saturated downlink, Kodan increases the data value density between 89 and 97 percent.
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