Revitalising rurality under the neoliberal transformation of agriculture: Experiences of re-agrarianisation in Japan
Revitalising rurality under the neoliberal transformation of agriculture: Experiences of re-agrarianisation in Japan
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jrurstud.2018.01.013
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
McGreevy, Steven R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hisano, Shuji;Akitsu, Motoki;McGreevy, Steven R.
农村地区正在不断经历社会经济变革，并设计了重新农业化和重新农业化的概念框架，以从广义上解释土地改革。在其他地理背景下的实证研究之后，本文通过日本土地和农村变化的历史、理论和经验的视角，重新审视了再农业和再农业的概念。在详细描述了二战后农业重建的情况和当前的农村状况，概述了日本土地学领域的发展，并选择了一系列内生理论来解释变化之后，本文使用了当代的例子和案例研究来提供丰富的语境描述，说明日本的再农化和再农化的经验。我们发现，日本的经济、社会、文化、地缘政治和生物物理条件塑造了土地变化的过程，并突出了内生反应对非农业化和新自由主义农业趋势的独特之处。特别是，与当地社区和地方合作和认同的社会文化压力使“农民”元素得以持续存在，尽管大力推动创业和公司农业。了解日本农业转型的这些轨迹，将挑战和/或验证普遍接受的去农业化和去农场化定义的适用性。
Rural places are continually experiencing socio-economic change and the conceptual frameworks of re-de-agrarianisation and re-de-peasantisation were devised to explain agrarian transformations in a broad sense. Following empirical studies from other geographical contexts, this paper revisits the concepts of re-de-agrarianisation and re-de-peasantisation through the historical, theoretical, and empirical lens of agrarian and rural change in Japan. After detailing the circumstances of post-WWII agricultural reconstruction and current rural conditions, as well as outlining the development of the field of Japanese agrarian studies and a selection of the endogenous theories within to explain transformations, contemporary examples and a case study are used to provide a rich contextual account of Japan's experiences of re-agrarianisation and re-peasantisation. We find that economic, social, cultural, geopolitical, and biophysical conditions in Japan have shaped the processes of agrarian change and bring into focus particular uniqueness of endogenous responses to de-agrarianisation and neoliberal agricultural trends. In particular, socio-cultural pressure to cooperate and identify with local community and place allows "peasant-like" elements to persist despite the strong push toward entrepreneurial and corporate farming. Understanding these trajectories of the transformation of Japanese agriculture would then challenge and/or validate the applicability of commonly accepted definitions of de-re-agrarianisation and de-re-peasantisation.