Urban wild meat consumption and trade in central Amazonia
Urban wild meat consumption and trade in central Amazonia
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DOI：
10.1111/cobi.13420
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发表时间：
2019-10-07
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Fa, John E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
El Bizri, Hani R.;Morcatty, Thais Q.;Fa, John E.
从狩猎野生肉类供家庭消费转变为供应亚马逊地区利润更丰厚的城市市场，可能会对一些狩猎物种产生不利影响。尽管如此，关于亚马逊城市食用野生肉类数量的信息仍然有限。我们通过2004年至2012年进行的1046次挨家挨户的家庭访谈，估计了巴西亚马逊州5个城市的野生肉类消费率。有了这些数据，我们模拟了野生肉类的使用和选择的社会经济指标之间的关系。然后，我们扩大了我们的模型，以确定亚马逊中部62个城市中心每年可能消耗的野生肉类数量。在所有受访者中，共有80.3%的人报告说，每年平均有29.3天（CI 11.6）食用野生肉类。据报告，大多数野生肉类是在当地市场购买的（80.1%）或由家庭成员猎杀的（14.9%）。21个分类群被引用为消费，主要是哺乳动物（71.6%），其次是爬行动物（23.2%）和鸟类（5.2%）。野生肉类消费的申报频率与农村人口比例以及城市所在地的市（行政区划）人均国内生产总值呈正相关。我们估计，在亚马逊中部的62个城市中心，每年可能消耗多达10，691吨的野生肉类，相当于每人每年6.49公斤。按货币计算，这相当于每人每年21.72美元，总额为3，510万美元，后一数字与该地区的鱼类和木材生产相当。鉴于亚马逊河流域中部的野生肉类贸易规模如此之大，必须将这一活动纳入正规经济，并积极制定政策，允许更有弹性的物种贸易，限制对狩猎敏感的物种贸易。
The switch from hunting wild meat for home consumption to supplying more lucrative city markets in Amazonia can adversely affect some game species. Despite this, information on the amounts of wild meat eaten in Amazonian cities is still limited. We estimated wild meat consumption rates in 5 cities in the State of Amazonas in Brazil through 1046 door-to-door household interviews conducted from 2004 to 2012. With these data, we modeled the relationship between wild meat use and a selection of socioeconomic indices. We then scaled up our model to determine the amounts of wild meat likely to be consumed annually in the 62 urban centers in central Amazonia. A total of 80.3% of all interviewees reported consuming wild meat during an average of 29.3 (CI 11.6) days per year. Most wild meat was reported as bought in local markets (80.1%) or hunted by a family member (14.9%). Twenty-one taxa were cited as consumed, mostly mammals (71.6%), followed by reptiles (23.2%) and then birds (5.2%). The declared frequency of wild meat consumption was positively correlated with the proportion of rural population as well as with the per capita gross domestic product of the municipality (administrative divisions) where the cities were seated. We estimated that as much as 10,691 t of wild meat might be consumed annually in the 62 urban centers within central Amazonia, the equivalent of 6.49 kg per person per year. In monetary terms, this amounts to US$21.72 per person per year or US$35.1 million overall, the latter figure is comparable to fish and timber production in the region. Given this magnitude of wild meat trade in central Amazonia, it is fundamental to integrate this activity into the formal economy and actively develop policies that allow the trade of more resilient taxa and restrict trade in species sensitive to hunting.