Environmental impact assessment of CCS chains - Lessons learned and limitations from LCA literature
Environmental impact assessment of CCS chains - Lessons learned and limitations from LCA literature
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijggc.2012.12.003
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Faaij, Andre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Corsten, Marielle;Ramirez, Andrea;Faaij, Andre
本研究对现有的LCA文献进行了评估，以深入了解采用CCS的化石燃料发电厂在整个生命周期内的潜在环境影响。CCS导致发电厂在其整个生命周期内的GWP净减少约为65-84%（PC-CCS），68-87%（IGCC-CCS），47-80%（NGCC-CCS）和76-97%（氧燃料）。结果表明，NGCC在GWP方面的表现较低，尽管从绝对值来看，采用CCS的NGCC的GWP似乎与PC-CCS处于同一数量级（76-245 gCO（2）eq/kWh与PC-CCS中的79-275 gCO（2）eq/kWh）。这是由于NGCC链的上游排放造成的。与没有CCS的发电厂相比，在PC，IGCC和NGCC中部署CCS会导致富营养化和酸化的相对增加。有限的关于CCS氧燃料的LCA文献表明，该技术在环境影响类别中产生的相对增加最低。对于没有CCS的发电厂，直接排放是全球升温潜能值、酸化和富营养化的主要贡献者，而对于有CCS的发电厂，间接排放似乎是全球升温潜能值、酸化和人体毒性潜力的主要贡献者。上游（如煤炭开采、煤炭运输、多边环境协定生产）和下游（如在评估采用CCS的发电厂的环境绩效时，考虑到二氧化碳运输、二氧化碳储存等因素，这意味着需要对CCS链进行最佳设计，以包括上游和下游流程。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
This study performs an assessment of existing LCA literature to obtain insights into potential environmental impacts over the complete life cycle of fossil fuel fired power plants with CCS. CCS results in a net reduction of the GWP of power plants through their life cycle in the order of 65-84% (PC-CCS), 68-87% (IGCC-CCS), 47-80% (NGCC-CCS), and 76-97% (Oxyfuel). The results show a lower performance for NGCCs on GWP, although in absolute terms, the GWP of NGCCs with CCS appears in the same order of magnitude as PC-CCS (76-245 gCO(2)eq/kWh vs. 79-275 gCO(2)eg/kWh in PC-CCS). This is due to upstream emissions in NGCC chains. Deploying CCS in PC, IGCC and NGCC results in relative increases in eutrophication and acidification when comparing to power plants without CCS. The limited available LCA literature on oxyfuel with CCS shows this technology as generating the lowest relative increases in the environmental impact categories. For power plants without CCS, direct emissions account as the main contributor to GWP, acidification and eutrophication while for power plants with CCS, indirect emissions appear as the main contributor to GWP, acidification and human toxicity potential. The highly relative importance of emissions occurring upstream (e.g. coal mining, coal transport, MEA production) and downstream (e.g., CO2 transport, CO2 storage) when assessing the environmental performance of power plants with CCS implies the need for optimal designs of CCS chains to also include up- and downstream processes. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.