Cognitive function in relation with bone mass and nutrition: cross-sectional association in postmenopausal women.
Cognitive function in relation with bone mass and nutrition: cross-sectional association in postmenopausal women.
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DOI：
10.1186/1472-6874-4-2
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发表时间：
2004-05-26
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ilich, Jasminka Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brownbill, Rhonda A;Ilich, Jasminka Z
背景：骨丢失和认知能力下降是共同发生的疾病，可能与雌激素有关。认知能力下降也与各种营养缺乏有关。本研究的目的是确定认知功能是否与各种骨骼部位的骨密度以及各种饮食成分有关。方法：一项横断面研究，97名健康、白人、绝经后女性（59.4-85.0岁）参加了一项大型纵向研究，研究钠对骨量的影响。根据认知得分将受试者分为两组。第1组认知功能评分较低，第2组认知功能评分较高。用Lunar DPX-MD骨密度仪测量全身、腰椎、股骨和前臂的骨密度。通过标准方法测量人体测量学。认知能力采用简易精神状态检查进行评估。通过Food Processor（R）（ESHA Research，Salem，OR）分析3天记录的累积（超过2年）饮食摄入量，并使用Allied Dunbar National Fitness Survey对老年人进行累积体力活动评估。结果：受试者的认知评分范围为22-30（正常，27-30），表明所有受试者都有轻度或无认知障碍。经年龄、身高、体重、体力活动、酒精、钙、钠和能量摄入调整后的多元协方差分析显示，认知与所有可测量部位的骨密度之间存在统计学显著相关（eta 2 = 0.21，P < 0.01）。然而，在协方差分析随访检验和Bonferroni校正后，个体骨部位的差异减小，尽管第2组除股骨颈、Ward三角和转子外的所有部位的校正平均值较高。认知评分与碳水化合物和钾摄入量之间呈显着正相关（eta 2 = 0.07，P = 0.050）。第2组的钾摄入量显著较高（P = 0.023）。多元回归分析显示，饱和脂肪与认知功能呈显著负相关。结论：轻度的认知障碍可能是骨密度较低、碳水化合物和钾摄入量较低、饱和脂肪摄入量较高的一个标志。因此，患有认知障碍的老年妇女可能受益于筛查潜在的骨质流失和营养不良。
BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that bone loss and cognitive decline are co-occurring conditions, possibly due to their relationship with estrogen. Cognitive decline has been associated with various nutritional deficiencies as well. The purpose of this study was to determine if cognitive function is related to bone mineral density of various skeletal sites as well as to various dietary components. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 97 healthy, Caucasian, postmenopausal women (59.4-85.0 years) enrolled in a larger longitudinal study, investigating the effects of sodium on bone mass. The subjects were divided into two groups based on cognition scores. Group 1 represented lower and Group 2 higher scores on cognitive function. Bone mineral density from the whole body, lumbar spine, femur and forearm were measured with the Lunar DPX-MD instrument. Anthropometry was measured by standard methods. Cognition was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination. Cumulative (over 2 years) dietary intake from 3-day records was analyzed by Food Processor(R) (ESHA Research, Salem, OR) and cumulative physical activity was assessed using Allied Dunbar National Fitness Survey for older adults. RESULTS: Subjects' cognition scores ranged from 22-30 (normal, 27-30), indicating all subjects had either mild or no cognitive impairment. Multiple Analysis of Covariance adjusted for age, height, weight, physical activity, alcohol, calcium, sodium and energy intake, showed a statistically significant association between cognition and bone mineral density of all measurable sites (eta2 = 0.21, P < 0.01). However, after Analysis of Covariance follow-up tests and Bonferroni correction, the differences for individual bone sites diminished, though Group 2 had higher adjusted means for all sites except for the femoral neck, Ward's triangle and trochanter. There was a positive significant association between cognition score and carbohydrate and potassium intake (eta2 = 0.07, P = 0.050). Group 2 did have a significantly higher potassium intake (P = 0.023). In multiple regression, saturated fat had a significant negative relationship with cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS: It appears mild degree of cognitive impairment may be a marker for lower bone mineral density as well as for a diet lower in carbohydrate and potassium intake, and higher in saturated fat. Consequently, older women with cognitive impairment may benefit of being screened for potential bone loss and poor nutrition.