The form-invariance of wave equations without requiring a priori relations between field variables

The form-invariance of wave equations without requiring a priori relations between field variables
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波动方程的形式不变性,无需场变量之间的先验关系

DOI:
10.1007/s11433-014-5592-0
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发表时间:
2013-10
期刊:
Science China Physics,Mechanics & Astonomy
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Zhi Hai Xiang
Zhi Hai Xiang
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhi Hai Xiang

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根据相对性原理,描述物理定律的方程在所有允许的参照系中应该具有相同的形式,即形式不变性是正确的波动方程的固有性质。然而,迄今为止,在用变换方法设计超材料时,总是利用坐标变换前后场变量之间的一定关系来证明其形式不变性。本文的主要贡献是在不使用任何场变量关系假设的情况下,给出了电磁、声和弹性波方程在全局笛卡尔坐标系下的形式不变性的一般证明。结果表明,电磁波方程和声波方程本质上是形式不变的,而传统的弹性动力学方程则不是。作为一个副产品,人们自然可以在时域上得到新的弹性动力学方程,这些方程局部准确地描述了弹性波在非均匀介质中的传播。通过对理想弹性波旋转器和近似弹性波罩的数值模拟,验证了新方程的有效性。这些发现对于解决地震学、无损评价和超材料等许多领域的逆散射问题具有重要意义。
According to the principle of relativity, the equations describing the laws of physics should have the same forms in all admissible frames of reference, i.e., form-invariance is an intrinsic property of correct wave equations. However, so far in the design of metamaterials by transformation methods, the form-invariance is always proved by using certain relations between field variables before and after coordinate transformation. The main contribution of this paper is to give general proofs of form-invariance of electromagnetic, sound and elastic wave equations in the global Cartesian coordinate system without using any assumption of the relation between field variables. The results show that electromagnetic wave equations and sound wave equations are intrinsically form-invariant, but traditional elastodynamic equations are not. As a by-product, one can naturally obtain new elastodynamic equations in the time domain that are locally accurate to describe the elastic wave propagation in inhomogeneous media. The validity of these new equations is demonstrated by some numerical simulations of a perfect elastic wave rotator and an approximate elastic wave cloak. These findings are important for solving inverse scattering problems in many fields such as seismology, nondestructive evaluation and metamaterials.
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