Proclaiming Principles: The Logic of the Nonrecognition of the Spoils of War
Proclaiming Principles: The Logic of the Nonrecognition of the Spoils of War
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宣示原则：不承认战利品的逻辑
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发表时间：
2017
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通讯作者：
J. O’Mahoney
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. O’Mahoney
从1930年代初的史汀生主义开始，国际社会在许多场合对通过使用武力改变国际边界采取了不承认政策。为什么？为什么？本文通过对满洲危机的调查，将不承认重新定义为对违反规范的象征性制裁。现有的报道通常认为，像不承认这样的象征性制裁要么是失败的胁迫尝试，要么只是为了国内观众而摆出的姿态。针对这一观点，本文解释了集体象征性制裁如何在缺乏有效规则执行的情况下创造或重新创造关于国际行为规则的共同知识。这种共同的知识，或主体间的理解，塑造了未来的期望和解释。因此，不承认战争战利品是一种手段，通过重新建立对不侵略准则的共同评价，加强国际社会的这一准则。
Starting with the Stimson Doctrine in the early 1930s, the international community has adopted, on numerous occasions, a policy of nonrecognition in response to international boundary changes gained through the use of force. Why? This article uses an investigation of the Manchurian Crisis to reconceptualize nonrecognition as a symbolic sanction against a norm violation. Existing accounts often view symbolic sanctions like nonrecognition as either failed attempts at coercion or mere posturing for domestic audiences. Against this view, this article explains how collective symbolic sanctions create or recreate common knowledge of what the rules of international behavior are in the face of a lack of effective rule enforcement. This common knowledge, or intersubjective understanding, shapes future expectations and interpretations. Nonrecognition of the spoils of war is thus a means to reinforce the norm of nonaggression within international society by reestablishing a shared valuation of the rule.