Post-eruptive flooding of Santorini caldera and implications for tsunami generation.
Post-eruptive flooding of Santorini caldera and implications for tsunami generation.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms13332
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发表时间：
2016-11-08
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Parks, M. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nomikou, P.;Druitt, T. H.;Hubscher, C.;Mather, T. A.;Paulatto, M.;Kalnins, L. M.;Kelfoun, K.;Papanikolaou, D.;Bejelou, K.;Lampridou, D.;Pyle, D. M.;Carey, S.;Watts, A. B.;Weiss, B.;Parks, M. M.
火山口形成的岛屿火山喷发通过不同的喷发现象与海洋的相互作用产生海啸。这种海啸是一种重大的危险，但由于对震源机制的理解不足，其影响的远期模型受到限制。圣托里尼火山在青铜时代晚期形成的火山口喷发被认为是海啸的成因，火山口坍塌被认为是一种机制。在这里，我们提出的测深和地震证据表明，火山口是不开放的主要阶段的喷发，但被淹没后，喷发已经完成。水的流入和相关的滑坡切割了一条2.0-2.5立方公里的深海底通道，从而在不到几天的时间内填满了破火山口。如果像大多数此类火山一样，破火山口崩塌是同时喷发的，那么它就不可能产生海啸。火山碎屑流入海，加上海底火山碎屑堆积物的滑塌，是海啸产生的主要机制。 青铜时代的圣托里尼火山爆发被认为是产生海啸的可能机制，火山口坍塌。然而，Nomikou等人提供的新的测深和地震数据表明，火山碎屑流入海是圣托里尼岛最有可能的海啸生成机制。
Caldera-forming eruptions of island volcanoes generate tsunamis by the interaction of different eruptive phenomena with the sea. Such tsunamis are a major hazard, but forward models of their impacts are limited by poor understanding of source mechanisms. The caldera-forming eruption of Santorini in the Late Bronze Age is known to have been tsunamigenic, and caldera collapse has been proposed as a mechanism. Here, we present bathymetric and seismic evidence showing that the caldera was not open to the sea during the main phase of the eruption, but was flooded once the eruption had finished. Inflow of water and associated landsliding cut a deep, 2.0–2.5 km3, submarine channel, thus filling the caldera in less than a couple of days. If, as at most such volcanoes, caldera collapse occurred syn-eruptively, then it cannot have generated tsunamis. Entry of pyroclastic flows into the sea, combined with slumping of submarine pyroclastic accumulations, were the main mechanisms of tsunami production. The Bronze Age eruption of Santorini is known to have generated tsunamis with caldera collapse as the likely mechanism. However, new bathymetric and seismic data presented by Nomikou et al. show that the entry of pyroclastic flows into the sea is the most likely tsunami-generating mechanism at Santorini.
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DOI：
10.1002/fld.1650160604
发表时间：
1993-03-30
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
ALCRUDO, F;GARCIANAVARRO, P
通讯作者：
GARCIANAVARRO, P
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Fraccarollo, L;Toro, EF
通讯作者：
Toro, EF
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Choi, B. H.;Pelinovsky, E.;Lee, J. S.
通讯作者：
Lee, J. S.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
DRUITT, TH;FRANCAVIGLIA, V
通讯作者：
FRANCAVIGLIA, V
影响因子：
--
作者：
HEIKEN, G;MCCOY, F
通讯作者：
MCCOY, F