SPANDRELS OF SAN-MARCO AND THE PANGLOSSIAN PARADIGM - A CRITIQUE OF THE ADAPTATIONIST PROGRAM
SPANDRELS OF SAN-MARCO AND THE PANGLOSSIAN PARADIGM - A CRITIQUE OF THE ADAPTATIONIST PROGRAM
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1979.0086
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发表时间：
1979-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
LEWONTIN, RC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GOULD, SJ;LEWONTIN, RC
威尼斯圣马可大教堂的中央圆顶采用马赛克设计，详细描绘了基督教信仰的主要内容。由于达尔文在进化生物学家中获得了圣人的地位，由于各方都在祈求上帝的忠诚，达尔文在内心深处常常被描绘成一个激进的选择论者，他只是在撤退时才援引其他机制，而且只是因为他那个时代对遗传机制的无知而感到遗憾。在欧洲大陆，进化论者从来没有被英美人把生物体分解成各个部分，并试图把每个部分都解释为直接适应的倾向所吸引。发育限制是种类限制的一个子类别，可能是所有可能的进化途径中最强大的控制因素。多元主义的观点可以把有机体及其所有的不确定性，但可以理解的复杂性，重新纳入进化理论。
The great central dome of St Mark’s Cathedral in Venice presents in its mosaic design a detailed iconography expressing the mainstays of Christian faith. Since Darwin has attained sainthood among evolutionary biologists, and since all sides invoke God’s allegiance, Darwin has often been depicted as a radical selectionist at heart who invoked other mechanisms only in retreat, and only as a result of his age’s own lamented ignorance about the mechanisms of heredity. In continental Europe, evolutionists have never been much attracted to the Anglo-American penchant for atomizing organisms into parts and trying to explain each as a direct adaptation. Developmental constraints, a subcategory of phyletic restrictions, may hold the most powerful rein of all over possible evolutionary pathways. A pluralistic view could put organisms, with all their recalcitrant, yet intelligible, complexity, back into evolutionary theory.