Tashkent: Forging a Soviet City, 1930–1966
Tashkent: Forging a Soviet City, 1930–1966
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塔什干：打造一座苏联城市，1930 年至 1966 年
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发表时间：
2010
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通讯作者：
P. Stronski
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作者：
P. Stronski
保罗·斯特龙斯基（Paul Stronski）讲述了塔什干的迷人故事，这是一座种族多元化、主要是穆斯林的城市，成为苏联时代中亚城市中心重新构想的原型。根据对俄罗斯和乌兹别克档案的广泛研究，斯特龙斯基向我们展示了苏联官员，规划师和建筑师如何努力将当地民族传统和社会主义意识形态融入新建造的城市空间和宣传橱窗。苏联人计划将塔什干从沙皇时代的封建城市改造成一个繁荣的花园，充满喷泉，湖畔度假胜地，现代道路，学校，医院，公寓楼，当然还有工厂。这座城市的目的是成为一个光辉的榜样，向世界展示通过社会主义的催化剂成功地同化了一个明显的非俄罗斯城市及其公民。正如斯特龙斯基所揭示的那样，这座苏联城市的物质建设本身并不是目的，而是改变人民和社会的一种手段。斯特龙斯基分析了塔什干当地居民是如何反应、抵制并最终默许该市的社会主义改造的。他记录了他们经历的大恐怖，第二次世界大战，斯大林的死亡，以及赫鲁晓夫和勃列日涅夫时代的发展，直到1966年的地震，这夷为平地的大部分城市。斯特龙斯基发现，苏联人建立了一种合法性，通过多年的政治和文化变革，最终在公开化的剧变中，将塔什干及其人民转变为政权的更坚定的支持者之一。"
Paul Stronski tells the fascinating story of Tashkent, an ethnically diverse, primarily Muslim city that became the prototype for the Soviet-era reimagining of urban centers in Central Asia. Based on extensive research in Russian and Uzbek archives, Stronski shows us how Soviet officials, planners, and architects strived to integrate local ethnic traditions and socialist ideology into a newly constructed urban space and propaganda showcase.The Soviets planned to transform Tashkent from a feudal city of the tsarist era into a flourishing garden, replete with fountains, a lakeside resort, modern roadways, schools, hospitals, apartment buildings, and of course, factories. The city was intended to be a shining example to the world of the successful assimilation of a distinctly non-Russian city and its citizens through the catalyst of socialism. As Stronski reveals, the physical building of this Soviet city was not an end in itself, but rather a means to change the people and their society. Stronski analyzes how the local population of Tashkent reacted to, resisted, and eventually acquiesced to the city s socialist transformation. He records their experiences of the Great Terror, World War II, Stalin s death, and the developments of the Krushchev and Brezhnev eras up until the earthquake of 1966, which leveled large parts of the city. Stronski finds that the Soviets established a legitimacy that transformed Tashkent and its people into one of the more stalwart supporters of the regime through years of political and cultural changes and finally during the upheavals of glasnost."