Children and Adults Both Learn Motor Sequences Quickly, But Do So Differently.
Children and Adults Both Learn Motor Sequences Quickly, But Do So Differently.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00158
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Clark JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Du Y;Valentini NC;Kim MJ;Whitall J;Clark JE
儿童和成人都可以在一次学习过程中快速学习运动序列，但人们对这种快速序列习得背后潜在的与年龄相关的过程知之甚少。在这里，我们检查了 6 岁和 10 岁儿童和成人在单次修改系列反应时间任务中的渐进性表现变化。我们发现，反应时间（RT）反映的快速序列学习在各组之间具有可比性。学习通过两个行为过程来表达：以连续方式执行任务时 RT 的在线渐进变化，以及短暂休息后出现的 RT 的离线变化。这些线下和线上 RT 变化与年龄相关； 6岁儿童的学习主要通过线下过程体现。相比之下，成人的学习是通过在线过程反映出来的；并且在线和离线过程在 10 岁的孩子身上同时发生。我们的结果表明，早期快速序列学习具有发展特征。尽管这两个与年龄相关的过程背后的统一机制尚不清楚，但我们讨论了需要在未来的研究中系统阐明的可能解释。
Both children and adults can learn motor sequences quickly in one learning session, yet little is known about potential age-related processes that underlie this fast sequence acquisition. Here, we examined the progressive performance changes in a one-session modified serial reaction time task in 6- and 10-year-old children and adults. We found that rapid sequence learning, as reflected by reaction time (RT), was comparable between groups. The learning was expressed through two behavioral processes: online progressive changes in RT while the task was performed in a continuous manner and offline changes in RT that emerged following a short rest. These offline and online RT changes were age-related; learning in 6-year-olds was primarily reflected through the offline process. In contrast, learning in adults was reflected through the online process; and both online and offline processes occurred concurrently in 10-year-olds. Our results suggest that early rapid sequence learning has a developmental profile. Although the unifying mechanism underlying these two age-related processes is unclear, we discuss possible explanations that need to be systematically elucidated in future studies.