A Cultured Greigite-Producing Magnetotactic Bacterium in a Novel Group of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria
A Cultured Greigite-Producing Magnetotactic Bacterium in a Novel Group of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1212596
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发表时间：
2011-12-23
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Bazylinski, Dennis A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lefevre, Christopher T.;Menguy, Nicolas;Bazylinski, Dennis A.
趋磁细菌含有磁小体——细胞内、膜上的磁性纳米晶体，由磁铁矿（Fe3O4）或灰长铁矿（Fe3S4）组成——这使得细菌沿着地磁力线游动。我们从美国加利福尼亚州死亡谷国家公园的微咸泉水中分离出一株产灰长铁矿的趋磁细菌BW-1菌株，该菌株能够根据培养条件对灰长铁矿和磁铁矿进行生物矿化。对BW-1和类似的从淡水到高盐生境的未培养的产生灰长铁矿和/或产生磁铁矿的趋磁细菌的系统发育比较表明，这些生物代表了三角洲变形菌门中一个以前未知的硫酸盐还原细菌群。BW-1的基因组分析显示存在两个不同的磁小体基因簇，表明一个可能负责灰长岩生物矿化，另一个负责磁铁矿。
Magnetotactic bacteria contain magnetosomes-intracellular, membrane-bounded, magnetic nanocrystals of magnetite (Fe3O4) or greigite (Fe3S4)-that cause the bacteria to swim along geomagnetic field lines. We isolated a greigite-producing magnetotactic bacterium from a brackish spring in Death Valley National Park, California, USA, strain BW-1, that is able to biomineralize greigite and magnetite depending on culture conditions. A phylogenetic comparison of BW-1 and similar uncultured greigite- and/or magnetite-producing magnetotactic bacteria from freshwater to hypersaline habitats shows that these organisms represent a previously unknown group of sulfate-reducing bacteria in the Deltaproteobacteria. Genomic analysis of BW-1 reveals the presence of two different magnetosome gene clusters, suggesting that one may be responsible for greigite biomineralization and the other for magnetite.