Interplay between type IV pili activity and exopolysaccharides secretion controls motility patterns in single cells of Myxococcus xanthus.
Interplay between type IV pili activity and exopolysaccharides secretion controls motility patterns in single cells of Myxococcus xanthus.
复制标题
IV型菌毛活性和胞外多糖分泌之间的相互作用控制黄粘球菌单细胞的运动模式
DOI：
10.1038/srep17790
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发表时间：
2016-01-29
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Shi W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu W;Gibiansky ML;Wang J;Wang C;Lux R;Li Y;Wong GC;Shi W
黄色粘球菌通过IV型菌毛(TFP)在固体表面的伸展和回缩来协调细胞群的社会运动，这需要TFP和胞外多糖(EPS)。通过将细胞浸泡在含有1%甲基纤维素的液体介质中，可以在分离的细胞中诱导不依赖于EPS的黄曲霉TFP驱动的运动。我们使用社区跟踪算法测量和分析细胞的移动，该算法将单细胞分辨率与来自大样本总体的统计相结合。没有明显多细胞社会相互作用的细胞具有令人惊讶的复杂行为：EPS−细胞表现出明显的垂直站立和运动倾向的增加，其特征与其他细胞不同。细胞分泌EPS的减少与较高的瞬时速度相关，但与较低的方向轨迹持续性相关。此外，Eps−细胞不像野生型和过度生产的细胞那样强烈地附着在表面，并且更倾向于运动方向与细胞轴之间的大偏差，细胞速度仅表现出对运动方向的最小依赖。目前的情况是，EPS不是简单地为单一机制提供流变性阻力，而是EPS的可用性影响运动模式。
Myxococcus xanthus performs coordinated social motility of cell groups through the extension and retraction of type IV pili (TFP) on solid surfaces, which requires both TFP and exopolysaccharides (EPS). By submerging cells in a liquid medium containing 1% methylcellulose, M. xanthus TFP-driven motility was induced in isolated cells and independently of EPS. We measured and analyzed the movements of cells using community tracking algorithms, which combine single-cell resolution with statistics from large sample populations. Cells without significant multi-cellular social interactions have surprisingly complex behaviors: EPS− cells exhibited a pronounced increase in the tendency to stand vertically and moved with qualitatively different characteristics than other cells. A decrease in the EPS secretion of cells correlates with a higher instantaneous velocity, but with lower directional persistence in trajectories. Moreover, EPS− cells do not adhere to the surface as strongly as wild-type and EPS overproducing cells and display a greater tendency to have large deviations between the direction of movement and the cell axis, with cell velocity showing only minimal dependence on the direction of movement. The emerging picture is that EPS does not simply provide rheological resistance to a single mechanism but rather that the availability of EPS impacts motility pattern.