Underlying mechanisms for sterol-induced ubiquitination and ER-associated degradation of HMG CoA reductase.

Underlying mechanisms for sterol-induced ubiquitination and ER-associated degradation of HMG CoA reductase.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.10.019
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发表时间:
2018-09
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
DeBose-Boyd RA
DeBose-Boyd RA
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Johnson BM;DeBose-Boyd RA

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加速泛素化和随后的内质网 (ER) 相关降解 (ERAD) 构成了 HMG CoA 还原酶反馈控制的几种机制之一,HMG CoA 还原酶是胆固醇和非甾醇类异戊二烯合成中的限速酶。这种 ERAD 是由某些甾醇在 ER 膜上的积累引发的,这会触发还原酶与称为 Insigs 的 ER 膜蛋白结合。 Insig 相关泛素连接酶促进还原酶泛素化,通过非甾醇类异戊二烯增强的反应标记酶跨内质网膜进行提取。一旦提取,泛素化还原酶就会移位到胞质溶胶中,并被 26S 蛋白酶体降解。在这篇综述中,我们将重点介绍还原酶 ERAD 的理解方面的几项进展,其中包括发现维生素 K2 合成酶 UBIAD1 在反应中的作用,并证明甾醇加速的 ERAD 显着有助于整个动物肝脏中还原酶和胆固醇代谢的反馈调节。
Accelerated ubiquitination and subsequent endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) constitute one of several mechanisms for feedback control of HMG CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in synthesis of cholesterol and nonsterol isoprenoids. This ERAD is initiated by the accumulation of certain sterols in ER membranes, which trigger binding of reductase to ER membrane proteins called Insigs. Insig-associated ubiquitin ligases facilitate ubiquitination of reductase, marking the enzyme for extraction across the ER membrane through a reaction that is augmented by nonsterol isoprenoids. Once extracted, ubiquitinated reductase becomes dislocated into the cytosol for degradation by 26S proteasomes. In this review, we will highlight several advances in the understanding of reductase ERAD, which includes the discovery for a role of the vitamin K2 synthetic enzyme UBIAD1 in the reaction and demonstration that sterol-accelerated ERAD significantly contributes to feedback regulation of reductase and cholesterol metabolism in livers of whole animals.
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