Stand microclimate and physiological activity of tree leaves in an oak-hornbeam forest I. Stand microclimate
Stand microclimate and physiological activity of tree leaves in an oak-hornbeam forest I. Stand microclimate
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00225356
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发表时间：
1989-12-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Masarovicova, Elena
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elias, P.;Kratochvilova, Irena;Masarovicova, Elena
1985年，在斯洛伐克西南部巴布（原IBP森林研究基地）的一处年龄不均匀的多物种橡树角木林中，开展了一系列微气象和生态生理测量。该项工作的目的是提高对成年树木和林分小气候的生理过程（光合作用、呼吸作用和蒸腾作用）的认识，为模拟林分光合作用和森林生态系统功能的生态合成收集数据。本文利用日程、垂直剖面和等等值线对全叶季节森林内外的光合有效辐射（PAR）、气温（AT）和相对湿度（RH）、风速（WS）和CO(2)浓度（[CO(2)]）进行了表征。大约50%的入射PAR被叶片上层4-5 m层吸收，只有大约5%或更少的PAR穿透到森林地面。AT和RH的垂直梯度普遍较低，但在垂直水平之间，AT和RH的日变化幅度差异较大。上层叶冠层极大地降低了WS，在离地约14 m处WS接近于零。日[CO(2)]最大值和变化发生在地面以上1 m处，森林以上最低。在森林“良好”的光照条件下，整个叶片冠层（上层和下层冠层）是一个大的CO(2)汇。在夜间，林分是CO(2)的一个来源，最大的内部来源是土壤和森林地面。
In an uneven-aged, multi-species oak-hornbeam forest at Bab, SW Slovakia (former IBP Forest Research Site), a series of micrometeorological and ecophysiological measurements started in 1985. The aims of the work are to improve understanding of physiological processes (photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration) of adult trees and stand microclimate, to collect data for simulation of the canopy (stand) photosynthesis and for ecological synthesis of the functioning of the forest ecosystem. In this paper, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), air temperature (AT) and relative humidity (RH), wind speed (WS), and CO(2) concentration ([CO(2)]) in and above the forest are characterized for the fully leaved season, using diurnal courses, vertical profiles and isodiagrams (isopleths). Approximately 50% of incident PAR was absorbed by the upper 4-5 m layer of leaves and only approximately 5% or less penetrated to the forest floor. Vertical gradients of AT and RH were generally low, but large differences in diurnal ranges of AT and RH were observed between vertical levels. The upper leaf canopy greatly reduced WS, and at a height of about 14 m above the ground it was close to zero. The highest diurnal [CO(2)] maximum and variations occurred at 1 m above the ground, and the lowest above the forest. In "good" light conditions in the forest, the entire leaf canopy (overstorey and understorey canopy) is a large sink of CO(2). At night the forest stand is a source of CO(2), the largest internal source being the soil and forest floor.