Horizontal movements and depth distribution of large adult yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) near the Hawaiian Islands, recorded using ultrasonic telemetry:: implications for the physiological ecology of pelagic fishes
Horizontal movements and depth distribution of large adult yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) near the Hawaiian Islands, recorded using ultrasonic telemetry:: implications for the physiological ecology of pelagic fishes
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DOI：
10.1007/s002270050478
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发表时间：
1999-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Marcinek, DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brill, RW;Block, BA;Marcinek, DJ
我们测量了夏威夷主要岛屿附近五条成年黄鳍金枪鱼（Thunnus albacares，估计体重64至93公斤）的水平和垂直运动，同时收集海洋条件和海流的数据。鱼的运动记录通过超声波深度敏感发射器。用垂直电导率-温度-深度（CTD）模型测量了深度-温度和深度-氧气剖面，并使用声学多普勒海流剖面仪（ADCP）调查了海流-流速场。大型成年黄鳍金枪鱼花类似或等于60至80%的时间在或直接低于相对均匀的温度表层（即100米以上），类似于以前报道的少年黄鳍金枪鱼，蓝马林（Makaira nigricans），条纹马林（Tetrapturus audax）在同一地区跟踪的行为模式。在这三个物种中。最大游泳深度似乎受到水温比表层水温低8摄氏度的限制。因此，无论是大的身体质量，也没有能力保持较高的游泳肌肉温度，由于存在血管逆流热交换器在金枪鱼，似乎允许更大的垂直流动性或能力，以保持较长的时间低于温跃层。在那些氧气随深度减少的区域，黄鳍金枪鱼、蓝马林和条纹梅林鱼的垂直运动似乎都受到水温对心肌功能影响的限制。与青少年黄鳍金枪鱼一样，但与蓝马林和条纹马林不同，成年黄鳍金枪鱼留在距离海岸18.5公里的范围内，并与漂浮物有关，包括锚定的集鱼装置和跟踪船。像幼年黄鳍金枪鱼一样，大型成年黄鳍金枪鱼反复访问同一个FAD，并且似乎能够在相距18公里的FAD之间精确导航。对地速度的中位数为72至154厘米秒（-1）。速度和方向都不受水流的强烈影响。
We measured the horizontal and vertical movements of five adult yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares, estimated body mass 64 to 93 kg) near the main Hawaiian Islands, while simultaneously gathering data on oceanographic conditions and currents. Fish movements were recorded by means of ultrasonic depth-sensitive transmitters. Depth-temperature and depth-oxygen profiles were measured with vertical conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) casts, and the current-velocity field was surveyed using an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP). Large adult yellowfin tuna spent similar or equal to 60 to 80% of their time in or immediately below the relatively uniform-temperature surface-layer (i.e. above 100 m), a behavior pattern similar to that previously reported for juvenile yellowfin tuna, blue marlin (Makaira nigricans), and striped marlin (Tetrapturus audax) tracked in the same area. In all three species. maximum swimming depths appear to be limited by water temperatures 8 C degrees colder than the surface-layer water temperature. Therefore, neither large body mass, nor the ability to maintain elevated swimming-muscle temperatures due to the presence of vascular countercurrent heat exchangers in tunas, appears to permit greater vertical mobility or the ability to remain for extended periods below the thermocline. In those areas where the decrease in oxygen with depth is not limiting, the vertical movements of yellowfin tuna, blue marlin and striped merlin all appear to be restricted by the effects of water temperature on cardiac muscle function. Like juvenile yellowfin tuna, but unlike blue marlin and striped marlin, adult yellowfin tuna remained within 18.5 km of the coast and became associated with floating objects, including anchored fish-aggregating devices (FADs) and the tracking vessel. Like juvenile yellowfin tuna, large adult yellowfin repeatedly re-visit the same FAD, and appear able to navigate precisely between FADs that are up to 18 km apart. The median speed over ground ranged from 72 to 154 cm s(-1). Neither speed nor direction was strongly influenced by currents.