Characterization of lipid fraction of Apiaceae family seed spices: Impact of species and extraction method
Characterization of lipid fraction of Apiaceae family seed spices: Impact of species and extraction method
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jarmap.2021.100326
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发表时间：
2021-06-16
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Dragovic-Uzelac, Verica
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Balbino, Sandra;Repajic, Maja;Dragovic-Uzelac, Verica
本研究旨在探讨伞形科种子-苦茴香（小茴香）的潜力。变种vulgare）、茴香（茴芹（Pimpinella anisum L.）葛缕子（Carum carvi L.）和芫荽（Coriandrum sativum L.）作为高价值亲脂性生物活性分子的来源。为了评估提取方法对种子油产量和生物活性化合物含量的效率，通过常规方法（室温下的索氏提取和搅拌辅助提取）和25和100 ℃下的加压液体提取（PLE）来提取种子。芫荽籽油的得油率最高（12.30%），C18：1脂肪酸（亚油酸和油酸之和）含量最高，月桂酸含量最低，而葛缕子籽油含有6.20%的非典型癸酸脂肪酸。尽管在所有分析的种子油中确定了高水平的甾醇，沿着以豆甾醇和β-谷甾醇为主，但总甾醇在茴香种子油中最高（903.9 mg/100 g），其含有特别高水平的菠菜甾醇和Δ 7-豆甾醇。在所有提取的种子油中也检测到显著水平的三萜α-和β-香树脂醇。常规方法导致较高的油产量，但最高含量的总甾醇和三萜在100 ℃下通过PLE获得。用PLE获得的较低的种子油收率与C18：1酸的相对减少有关，C18：1酸的相对减少是由于其较低的可提取性和随后的月桂酸的增加引起的。所获得的结果表明，PLE可以是一个有用的工具，用于调节从伞形科种子的脂质提取物中的生物活性分子的含量和组成。
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Apiaceae seeds - bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. var. vulgare), anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) caraway (Carum carvi L.) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) as sources of high value lipophilic bioactive molecules. To evaluate the efficiency of extraction methods on seed oil yield and bioactive compounds content, seeds were extracted by both conventional methods (Soxhlet extraction and agitation-assisted extraction at room temperature) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) at 25 and 100 degrees C. Coriander was characterized by the highest yield of seed oil (12.30 %), the highest content of C18:1 fatty acids (sum of petmselinic acid and oleic acid) and the lowest content of lauric acid, while caraway seed oil contained 6.20 % of atypical capmic fatty acid. Although high levels of sterols were determined in all the seed oils analyzed, along with the dominance of stigmasteml and beta-sitosteml, total sterols were highest in anise seed oil (903.9 mg/100 g) which contained particularly high levels of spinasterol and Delta 7-stigmastenol. Significant levels of the triterpenes alpha- and beta-amyrin were also detected in all extracted seed oils. Conventional methods resulted in higher oil yields, but the highest contents of total sterols and triterpenes were obtained by PLE at 100 degrees C. The lower yields of seed oil obtained with PLE were related to the relative decrease of C18:1 acids caused by their lower extractability and the subsequent increase od lauric acid. The obtained results show that PLE can be a useful tool for modulating the content and composition of bioactive molecules in lipid extracts from Apiaceae seeds.