Chemostratigraphy Across the Triassic–Jurassic Boundary
Chemostratigraphy Across the Triassic–Jurassic Boundary
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DOI：
10.1002/9781119382508.ch10
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发表时间：
2018-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Korte;M. Ruhl;J. Pálfy;C. Ullmann;S. Hesselbo
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文献类型：
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作者：
C. Korte;M. Ruhl;J. Pálfy;C. Ullmann;S. Hesselbo
三叠纪-侏罗纪过渡期（~201.5 Ma）是地球历史上最大的质量扩张之一。这伴随着海洋和大气地球化学的重大扰动，包括全球碳循环，表现为碳同位素比率的重大波动。中大西洋岩浆区（CAMP）的火山活动引发了环境变化，并在这场生物危机中发挥了关键作用。生物地层学和年代地层学研究将三叠纪末的大规模灭绝与CAMP火山作用的早期阶段联系起来，并且在地理分布的海洋和大陆地层中显着的汞富集被证明与CAMP的挤压侵位的开始是同时代的。来自陆上CAMP火山活动的硫酸诱导的大气气溶胶云可以解释横跨T-J过渡的中古纬度泛欧洲海道中短暂的、相对较冷的海水温度脉冲。CAMP诱导的碳脱气的发生可能解释了向更温暖条件的整体长期转变。CAMP火山作用对海水87 Sr/86 Sr值的影响可能是间接的，通过驱动增强大陆风化强度。然而，海洋-大气地球化学的变化及其对局部、区域和全球尺度上的古气候、古环境和古海洋学条件的相关（因果）影响尚未完全受到限制。10 1哥本哈根大学地球科学和自然资源管理系，哥本哈根，丹麦2地质系，Trinity学院都柏林，都柏林大学，都柏林，爱尔兰3地球科学系，牛津大学，牛津，英国4地质系，Eötvös大学，布达佩斯，匈牙利5古生物学研究组，匈牙利科学院-匈牙利自然历史博物馆-埃特沃什大学，布达佩斯，匈牙利6坎伯恩矿业与环境学院和可持续发展研究所，埃克塞特大学，康沃尔，联合王国186跨越主要年代界线的化学地层广泛的火山作用（引发了一系列的古生物学变化，包括气候变暖、洋地黄、海洋酸化等）在中大西洋岩浆区（CAMP）[例如，Marzoli等人，1999; Schoene等人，2010; Whiteside等人，2010; Blackburn等人，2013; Davies等人，2017; Percival等人，2017年]和相关的气候变化[McEldinger et al.，1999;货车de Schootbrugge等人，2009; Ruhl等人，2011]，增加透光层缺氧/真光藻和增强海洋分层[Richoz等人，2012; Jaraula等人，2013; Kasprak等人，2015]，或海洋酸化[Hautmann et al.，2008; Hönisch等人，2012;格林等人，2012年]。T-J转变伴随着海洋和大气地球化学的重大变化[例如，Hallam和Wignall，1997年; Pálfy等人，2001; Cohen和Coe，2002，2007; Hesselbo等人，2002; Pálfy，2003;坦纳等人，2004年; McEllett和Punyasena，2007年; Hautmann等人，2008; Kiessling等人，2009年; Kiessling，2009年; Szier等人，2012; Bottini等人，2016年]，锶同位素数据表明，δ 13 C数据为30°S 30°N 60°N 0°E的剖面中的长期下降暂时逆转
The Triassic‐Jurassic transition (~201.5 Ma) is marked by one of the largest mass extinctions in Earth’s history. This was accompanied by significant perturbations in ocean and atmosphere geochemistry, including the global carbon cycle, as expressed by major fluctuations in carbon isotope ratios. Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) volcanism triggered environmental changes and played a key role in this biotic crisis. Biostratigraphic and chronostratigraphic studies link the end‐Triassic mass extinction with the early phases of CAMP volcanism, and notable mercury enrichments in geographically distributed marine and continental strata are shown to be coeval with the onset of the extrusive emplacement of CAMP. Sulfuric acid induced atmospheric aerosol clouds from subaerial CAMP volcanism can explain a brief, relatively cool seawater temperature pulse in the mid‐paleolatitude Pan‐European seaway across the T–J transition. The occurrence of CAMP‐induced carbon degassing may explain the overall long‐term shift toward much warmer conditions. The effect of CAMP volcanism on seawater 87Sr/86Sr values might have been indirect by driving enhanced continental weathering intensity. Changes in ocean‐atmosphere geochemistry and associated (causative) effects on paleoclimatic, paleoenvironmental, and paleoceanographic con ditions on local, regional, and global scales are however not yet fully constrained. 10 1 Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Mana gement, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 2 Department of Geology, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland 3 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom 4 Deapartment of Geology, Eötvös University, Budapest, Hungary 5 Research Group for Paleontology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences‐Hungarian Natural History Museum‐Eötvös University, Budapest, Hungary 6 Camborne School of Mines and Environment and Sustain ability Institute, University of Exeter, Cornwall, United Kingdom 186 CHEMOSTRATIGRAPHY ACROSS MAJOR CHRONOLOGICAL BOUNDARIES extensive volcanism (triggering a whole range of paleoen vironmental changes including climate warming, euxinia, ocean acidification, etc.) in the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) [e.g., Marzoli et al., 1999; Schoene et al., 2010; Whiteside et al., 2010; Blackburn et al., 2013; Davies et al., 2017; Percival et al., 2017] and associated climate change [McElwain et al., 1999; van de Schootbrugge et al., 2009; Ruhl et al., 2011], increased photic zone anoxia/euxinia and enhanced ocean stratification [Richoz et al., 2012; Jaraula et al., 2013; Kasprak et al., 2015], or ocean acidification [Hautmann et al., 2008; Hönisch et al., 2012; Greene et al., 2012]. The T–J transition was accompanied by major changes in ocean and atmosphere geochemistry [e.g., Hallam and Wignall, 1997; Pálfy et al., 2001; Cohen and Coe, 2002, 2007; Hesselbo et al., 2002; Pálfy, 2003; Tanner et al., 2004; McElwain and Punyasena, 2007; Hautmann et al., 2008; Kiessling et al., 2009; Kiessling, 2009; Schaller et al., 2012; Bottini et al., 2016], and strontium isotope data suggest a temporary reversal of the long‐term decrease in Sections with δ13C data 30°S 30°N 60°N 0°E