Haloperidol antagonism of cue-elicited cocaine craving
Haloperidol antagonism of cue-elicited cocaine craving
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(96)91139-3
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发表时间：
1996-02-24
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Hall, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berger, SP;Hall, S;Hall, S
背景可卡因依赖受试者的研究表明，重新暴露于以前与可卡因使用相关的环境线索会产生强烈的条件反射，其特征是自主神经过度觉醒和可卡因渴望的主观测量增加。氟哌啶醇（口服4 mg）和安慰剂。血浆高香草酸（HVA，多巴胺的代谢产物），促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH），和皮质醇进行了分析之前和之后的线索曝光，渴望和焦虑进行了测量之前和之后的线索与视觉模拟量表的愿望，现在使用可卡因和情绪changes.Findings的情绪变化，可卡因线索显着增加焦虑，促肾上腺皮质激素，皮质醇，和HVA。增加焦虑和渴望导致线索exposure显着拮抗预处理与氟哌啶醇.Interpretation它一直假设，细胞外浓度的多巴胺介导的急性增强可卡因的影响增加。我们的数据表明，多巴胺的释放也可能介导一些条件反射可卡因线索。
Background Studies of cocaine-dependent subjects have shown that re-exposure to environmental cues previously associated with cocaine use produces a strong conditioned response characterised by autonomic hyperarousal and increases in subjective measures of cocaine craving.Methods To evaluate the role of dopamine release by such cues, 20 cocaine-dependent inpatients were randomised in a single-dose, crossover, placebo-controlled design, to haloperidol (4 mg by mouth) and placebo. Plasma homovanillic acid (HVA, a dopamine metabolite), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and cortisol were assayed before and after cue exposure, Craving and anxiety were measured before and after cues with visual analogue scales for desire to use cocaine now and for mood changes.Findings Cocaine cues significantly increased anxiety, ACTH, cortisol, and HVA. Increases in anxiety and craving resulting from cue exposure were significantly antagonised by pretreatment with haloperidol.Interpretation It has long been hypothesised that increases in extracellular concentrations of dopamine mediate the acute reinforcing effects of cocaine. Our data suggest that dopamine release may also mediate some of the conditioned responses to cocaine cues.