Evaluation of Ultrasound-Based Sensor to Monitor Respiratory and Nonrespiratory Movement and Timing in Infants.
Evaluation of Ultrasound-Based Sensor to Monitor Respiratory and Nonrespiratory Movement and Timing in Infants.
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DOI：
10.1109/tbme.2015.2466633
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发表时间：
2016-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ward RJ 3rd
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Heldt GP;Ward RJ 3rd
描述并验证一种非接触式传感器，该传感器使用反射超声分别监测婴儿的呼吸、非呼吸和看护运动。同相和正交（I&Q）检测方案提供了足够的带宽，结合检测后滤波，以分离3种类型的运动。通过将呼吸输出与从11名婴儿呼吸机中获得的隔膜电活动（Edi）进行比较来验证呼吸输出。将非呼吸运动输出与附加在7名婴儿手腕、脚踝和头部的微型加速度计检测到的运动进行比较。看护人的运动与记录中注释的视觉观察进行比较。由传感器确定的呼吸率与Edi信号的呼吸率相等。传感器可以比Edi信号（23+/-69ms）更早地检测到吸气的开始。与加速度计的一致性为0.9。在不需要或接受呼吸支持的婴儿中，其对呼吸输出的潜在干扰平均分别为4.7+/-4.5%和14.9+/115%。看护人的动作被识别为98%的灵敏度和特异性。传感器输出与身体覆盖物或位置无关。这种单一的非接触式传感器可以独立地量化这三种类型的运动。它是可行的，使用传感器作为触发器同步机械呼吸自主呼吸，量化整体运动，以确定睡眠状态，检测癫痫发作，并在婴儿看护活动的数量和效果的文件。
To describe and validate a non-contacting sensor that used reflected ultrasound to separately monitor respiratory, non-respiratory, and caretaker movements of infants. An In-Phase and Quadrature (I&Q) detection scheme provided adequate bandwidth, in conjunction with post-detection filtering, to separate the 3 types of movement. The respiratory output was validated by comparing it to the electrical activity of the diaphragm (Edi) obtained from an infant ventilator in 11 infants. The non-respiratory movement output was compared to movement detected by miniature accelerometers attached to the wrists, ankles, and heads of 7 additional infants. Caretaker movement was compared to visual observations annotated in the recordings. The respiratory rate determined by the sensor was equivalent to that from the Edi signal. The sensor could detect the onset of inspiration significantly earlier than the Edi signal (23+/−69ms). Non-respiratory movement was identified with an agreement of 0.9 with the accelerometers. It potentially interfered with the respiratory output an average of 4.7+/− 4.5% and 14.9+/1 15% of the time in infants not requiring or on ventilatory support, respectively. Caretaker movements were identified with 98% sensitivity and specificity. The sensor outputs were independent of body coverings or position. This single, non-contacting sensor can independently quantify these three types of movement. It is feasible to use the sensor as trigger for synchronizing mechanical ventilators to spontaneous breathing, to quantify overall movement, to determine sleep state, to detect seizures, and to document the amount and effects of caretaker activity in infants.