Scales and power in river basin management: the Chao Phraya River in Thailand1
Scales and power in river basin management: the Chao Phraya River in Thailand1
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1475-4959.2007.00255.x
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发表时间：
2007-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. Molle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Molle
不同类型的利益相关者对水电/生态系统的干预具有不同的政治、决策和话语权力，以及不同的资源获取途径，往往会产生成本、收益和风险，这些成本、收益和风险在时空尺度和社会群体之间分布不均匀。这是由于用户对同一资源的依赖导致他们通过水文循环相互联系。随着资源压力的增加和流域的“接近”，这种相互依赖变得更加关键，增加了水资源短缺和冲突的频率和严重性。政治生态学方法旨在确定和理解支撑水生社会环境系统转变的机制。流域的相互联系及其水文、生态和社会层面，以及尺度概念的三个实例与理解这些转变有关。本文以泰国湄南河流域为例，分析了土地和水资源是如何被占用的，并确定了不同的利益集团及其相关的话语和权力；它考察了它们是如何适应社会环境变化的，并强调了风险、成本和收益是如何分配的。
Interventions on hydro/ecological systems by different categories of stakeholders characterised by different political, decision-making and discursive power, and varied access to resources, tend to generate costs, benefits and risks that are distributed unevenly across spatial and temporal scales and across social groups. This is due to the interconnectedness of users through the hydrologic cycle entailed by their dependence upon the same resource. As pressure over resources increases and basins 'close', this interdependence becomes more critical, increasing the frequency and seriousness of water shortages and conflicts. A political ecology approach seeks to identify and understand the mechanisms that underpin the transformations of aquatic socioenvironmental systems. Basin interconnectedness, with its hydrological, ecological and social dimensions, and three instances of the concept of scale are shown to be relevant to the understanding of these transformations. The paper analyses the case of the Chao Phraya river basin, in Thailand, and shows how land and water resources have been appropriated and identifies the different interest groups and their related discourses and power; it examines how they have adapted to socio-environmental changes, and highlights how risks, costs and benefits have been distributed.