The Digital Architecture of Time Management
The Digital Architecture of Time Management
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时间管理的数字架构
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Wajcman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Wajcman
本文探讨了从纸质日历到电子日历的转变是如何实现的，并加剧了一种独特的定量的、“电子表格”的时间取向。根据对工程师的采访，我认为日历系统象征着硅谷更大的设计原理，即使人类的思想和行动机械化，以使其更高效、更可靠。技术可以被用来控制和管理时间，这一信念有着悠久的历史，并继续激发着当代社会技术对自动化将带来什么的想象。如今，我们生活在算法和机器学习的时代，因此，当代数字日历的设计受到智能时间管理愿景的驱动也就不足为奇了。正如我在文章的第二部分所展示的那样，这一愿景越来越多地以智能数字助理的形式实现，其跟踪能力和行为算法旨在解决生活中存在的问题——如何最好地组织我们的生活时间。这篇文章为STS学术贡献了技术产物在产生新的时间性方面的作用，这些时间性塑造了人们对时间的感知，他们如何在世界上行动，以及他们如何理解自己。
This article explores how the shift from print to electronic calendars materializes and exacerbates a distinctively quantitative, “spreadsheet” orientation to time. Drawing on interviews with engineers, I argue that calendaring systems are emblematic of a larger design rationale in Silicon Valley to mechanize human thought and action in order to make them more efficient and reliable. The belief that technology can be profitably employed to control and manage time has a long history and continues to animate contemporary sociotechnical imaginaries of what automation will deliver. In the current moment we live in the age of the algorithm and machine learning, so it is no wonder, then, that the contemporary design of digital calendars is driven by a vision of intelligent time management. As I go on to show in the second part of the article, this vision is increasingly realized in the form of intelligent digital assistants whose tracking capacities and behavioral algorithms aim to solve life’s existential problem—how best to organize the time of our lives. This article contributes to STS scholarship on the role of technological artifacts in generating new temporalities that shape people’s perception of time, how they act in the world, and how they understand themselves.