SLEEP AND SLEEP-DISORDERED BREATHING IN COMMERCIAL LONG-HAUL TRUCK DRIVERS
SLEEP AND SLEEP-DISORDERED BREATHING IN COMMERCIAL LONG-HAUL TRUCK DRIVERS
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DOI：
10.1378/chest.107.5.1275
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发表时间：
1995-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.6
通讯作者：
DEMENT, WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
STOOHS, RA;BINGHAM, LA;DEMENT, WC
我们进行了一项研究，使用经过验证的便携式监测仪（MESAM-4）和经过验证的症状问卷，评估了美国一家大型货运公司睡眠呼吸障碍的患病率。388名平均年龄为36岁的司机被罚出了问卷。159名平均年龄为35岁的司机在终点站中心过夜，在那里他们接受了睡眠呼吸紊乱的监测。司机们还记录了醒着、坐着和安静休息15分钟后的血压。78%的司机每小时睡眠的氧饱和度指数（ODI）大于或等于5；10%的人每小时睡眠的ODI大于或等于30。ODI < 5和ODI大于等于5的驾驶员身体质量指数（BMI）有显著差异(ODI < 5的驾驶员25.7 +/- 6.0 kg/m（2)， ODI为15的驾驶员29.01 +/- 6.3 kg/m(2), p < 0.001）。在所有接受测试的司机中，有16%患有高血压。12%的人不知道自己患有高血压。高血压司机体重过重（p < 0.001）、睡眠不安（p < 0.04）、午睡时间多（p < 0.03）、夜间醒来次数多（p < 0.005）。大约20%的司机表现出非常规律的睡眠障碍症状，在公司工作超过1年的司机更有可能出现白天疲劳、白天疲劳、睡眠不恢复性、高血压和更高的BMI。长途卡车司机的睡眠/觉醒时间非常不规律，睡眠呼吸障碍的发病率很高。慢性睡眠/觉醒中断和部分、长时间的睡眠剥夺可能会加重睡眠呼吸障碍。这些问题的结合可能会对卡车司机白天的警觉性产生重大影响。
We have performed a study assessing the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in a large US trucking company using a validated portable monitor (MESAM-4) and a validated symptom questionnaire. Three hundred eighty-eight drivers with a mean age of 36 years fined out the questionnaire. One hundred fifty-nine drivers with a mean age of 35 years spent the night at the terminal hub where they underwent monitoring for identification of sleep-disordered breathing. The drivers also had blood pressure recorded while awake, seated, and after 15 min of quiet rest. Seventy-eight percent of the drivers had an oxygen desaturation index (ODI) greater than or equal to 5 per hour of sleep; 10% had an ODI greater than or equal to 30 per hour of sleep. There was a significant difference in the body mass index (BMI) between drivers with ODI < 5 and drivers with ODI greater than or equal to 5 (25.7 +/- 6.0 kg/m(2) in drivers with ODI < 5 vs 29.01 +/- 6.3 kg/m(2) in drivers with ODI 15, p < 0.001). Sixteen percent of all drivers tested were hypertensive. Twelve percent were unaware of their hypertension. Hypertensive drivers were significantly more over-weight (p < 0.001), slept more restlessly (p < 0.04), took more naps (p < 0.03), and woke up more frequently during the night (p < 0.005). About 20%, of drivers presented symptoms indicating very regular sleep disturbances, Drivers who had been with the company for more than 1 year were more likely to present daytime fatigue, daytime tiredness, unrestorative sleep, hypertension, and higher BMI. Long-haul truck drivers have very irregular sleep/wake schedules and a high prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing. Chronic sleep/wake disruption and partial, prolonged sleep deprivation may worsen sleep-disordered breathing. This combination of problems may impact significantly on the daytime alertness of truckers.