Mapping the Association of Global Executive Functioning Onto Diverse Measures of Psychopathic Traits
Mapping the Association of Global Executive Functioning Onto Diverse Measures of Psychopathic Traits
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DOI：
10.1037/per0000125
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Newman, Joseph P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baskin-Sommers, Arielle R.;Brazil, Inti A.;Newman, Joseph P.
精神病患者对人际关系和情感状况表现出冷酷无情的态度，并从事冲动和反社会行为。尽管早期的概念化表明精神病与增强的认知功能有关，但研究精神病的执行功能（EF）的研究很少有这样的发现。这是可能的，一些心理变态的特质维度更相关的EF比其他人。使用2-因素或4-方面的精神病模型的研究突出了EF的一些维度特异性差异，但这项研究的范围有限。另一个复杂的因素，除了取笑EF-精神病的关系是倾向于使用不同的精神病评估监禁与社区样本。在这项研究中，EF电池和多项措施的精神病维度管理的男性囚犯（N = 377）的样本。结果表明，使用精神病检查表修订版（PCL-R），因素2的独立效应与更差的EF相关，但无论是因素1的独立效应还是因素（1或2）的独特方差与EF无关。使用4面模型，Facet2（情感）和Facet4（反社会）的独立效应与EF更差有关，但当检查独特效应时，只有Facet2仍然显着。最后，无畏优势的多维人格量表与更好的EF表现相关，而PCL-R因子1与EF无关。总体而言，结果揭示了EF和精神病相关维度的行为特征之间的复杂关系。此外，他们证明了这些不同的评估所测量的人际和情感特质与EF的差异。
Psychopathic individuals display a callous-coldhearted approach to interpersonal and affective situations and engage in impulsive and antisocial behaviors. Despite early conceptualizations suggesting that psychopathy is related to enhanced cognitive functioning, research examining executive functioning (EF) in psychopathy has yielded few such findings. It is possible that some psychopathic trait dimensions are more related to EF than others. Research using a 2-factor or 4-facet model of psychopathy highlights some dimension-specific differences in EF, but this research is limited in scope. Another complicating factor in teasing apart the EF-psychopathy relationship is the tendency to use different psychopathy assessments for incarcerated versus community samples. In this study, an EF battery and multiple measures of psychopathic dimensions were administered to a sample of male prisoners (N = 377). Results indicate that using the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R), the independent effect of Factor 2 was related to worse EF, but neither the independent effect of Factor 1 nor the unique variance of the Factors (1 or 2) were related to EF. Using a 4-facet model, the independent effects of Facet2 (Affect) and Facet4 (Antisocial) were related to worse EF, but when examining the unique effects, only Facet2 remained significant. Finally, the questionnaire-based measure, Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire-Brief, of Fearless Dominance was related to better EF performance, whereas PCL-R Factor 1 was unrelated to EF. Overall, the results reveal the complex relationship among EF and behaviors characteristic of psychopathy-related dimensions. Moreover, they demonstrate the interpersonal and affective traits measured by these distinct assessments are differentially related to EF.