Analysis of case-control studies of the efficacy of screening for cancer: How should we deal with tests done in persons with symptoms?
Analysis of case-control studies of the efficacy of screening for cancer: How should we deal with tests done in persons with symptoms?
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癌症筛查功效的病例对照研究分析：我们应该如何处理对有症状的人进行的检测？
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009407
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Weiss,NS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weiss,NS
许多用于筛查无症状个体的癌症存在的测试也用于有症状的人，以帮助确定该癌症的存在和/或程度。例如，乳房X光检查既可以用于筛查每年体检的妇女的乳腺癌，也可以用于帮助诊断最近发现乳房肿块的妇女。在病例对照研究中，为了评估这种筛查方法在降低癌症死亡率方面的有效性，需要考虑如何处理在可能患有癌症症状的人群中进行的检查。如果在没有癌症症状的情况下进行了测试，则应将其归类为筛查测试;否则，应将其视为诊断测试（1）。然而，在进行具体研究时，可能会出现一些情况，使分析选项的选择变得根本不明显。
Many tests used to screen asymptomatic individuals for the presence of cancer also are used in symptomatic persons to help determine the presence and/or extent of that cancer. For example, mammography can be used both to screen for breast cancer in a woman coming for an annual checkup and to help in the diagnosis of a woman who has recently noticed a lump in her breast. Case-control studies that seek to evaluate the efficacy of a screening test of this type in reducing cancer mortality need to consider how to deal with tests done in persons with symptoms possibly due to cancer.On the surface, the resolution to this issue seems obvious. If a test had been done in the absence of symptoms of the cancer, it should be categorized as a screening test; otherwise, it should be considered a diagnostic test (1). However, in the conduct of a specific study, circumstances may be present that make the choice among analytic options not at all obvious.