Prevalence of war-related sexual violence and other human rights abuses among internally displaced persons in Sierra Leone
Prevalence of war-related sexual violence and other human rights abuses among internally displaced persons in Sierra Leone
复制标题
塞拉利昂境内流离失所者中普遍存在与战争有关的性暴力和其他侵犯人权行为
DOI：
10.1001/jama.287.4.513
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发表时间：
2002-01-23
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
Iacopino, V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amowitz, LL;Reis, C;Iacopino, V
背景塞拉利昂长达十年的冲突已造成数万人死亡，冲突各方都犯下了侵权行为。目的评估塞拉利昂境内流离失所者（IDPs）中与战争有关的性暴力和其他侵犯人权行为的普遍性和影响。2001年，对居住在3个国内流离失所者营地和1个城镇的塞拉利昂国内流离失所妇女进行了为期4周的调查。受访者的平均（SE）年龄为34（0.48）岁（范围，14-80岁）。大多数抽样女性受教育程度较低（平均[标准差]，1.9 [0.11]年正规教育）; 814人是穆斯林（82%），622人已婚（63%）。主要结果测量与战争有关的性侵犯和其他侵犯人权行为的帐户。13%（1157）的家庭成员报告了过去10年中与战争有关的侵犯人权事件，包括绑架、殴打、杀害、性侵犯和其他虐待。991名受访者中有94人（9%）和5 001名女性家庭成员中有396人（8%）报告了与战争有关的性侵犯。在这些受访者中，家庭成员、朋友或平民实施的与战争无关的性侵犯的终生患病率也为9%，加上与战争有关的性侵犯，这一比例增加到17%（不包括报告与战争有关和与战争无关的性侵犯的1%的参与者）。百分之八十七的妇女认为妇女的人权应该得到法律的保护。超过60%的受访者认为，一个男人有权利打他的妻子，如果她不服从，这是一个妻子的责任/义务与她的丈夫发生性关系，即使她不想.Conclusions在塞拉利昂的战斗人员犯下的性暴力行为是普遍的，是在一个高水平的侵犯人权的情况下对平民人口。
Context Sierra Leone's decade-long conflict has cost tens of thousands of lives and all parties to the conflict have committed abuses.Objective To assess the prevalence and impact of war-related sexual violence and other human rights abuses among internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Sierra Leone.Design and Setting A cross-sectional, randomized survey, using structured interviews and questionnaires, of internally displaced Sierra Leone women who were living in 3 IDP camps and 1 town, which were conducted over a 4-week period in 2001.Participants A total of 991 women provided information on 9166 household members. The mean (SE) age of the respondents was 34 (0.48) years (range, 14-80 years). The majority of the women sampled were poorly educated (mean [SE], 1.9 [0.11] years of formal education); 814 were Muslim (82%), and 622 were married (63%).Main Outcome Measures Accounts of war-related sexual assault and other human rights abuses.Results Overall, 13% (1157) of household members reported incidents of war-related human rights abuses in the last 10 years, including abductions, beatings, killings, sexual assaults and other abuses. Ninety-four (9%) of 991 respondents and 396 (8%) of 5001 female household members reported war-related sexual assaults. The lifetime prevalence of non-war-related sexual assault committed by family members, friends, or civilians among these respondents was also 9%, which increased to 17% with the addition of war-related sexual assaults (excluding 1% of participants who reported both war-related and non-war-related sexual assault). Eighty-seven percent of women believed that there should be legal protection for women's human rights. More than 60% of respondents believed a man has a right to beat his wife if she disobeys, and that it is a wife's duty/obligation to have sex with her husband even if she does not want to.Conclusions Sexual violence committed by combatants in Sierra Leone was widespread and was perpetrated in the context of a high level of human rights abuses against the civilian population.