Super-diversity vs. assimilation: how complex diversity in majority-minority cities challenges the assumptions of assimilation
Super-diversity vs. assimilation: how complex diversity in majority-minority cities challenges the assumptions of assimilation
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DOI：
10.1080/1369183x.2015.1061425
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发表时间：
2016-01-02
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Crul, Maurice
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crul, Maurice
国际移民极大地改变了西欧的大城市。在短短两代人的时间里，他们的种族构成发生了翻天覆地的变化。像阿姆斯特丹和布鲁塞尔这样的城市现在是少数民族占多数的城市：原来的多数民族变成了少数民族。这一新的现实要求对同化和融合有一个最新的看法。在这篇文章中，我将说明为什么像分割和新同化理论这样的大理论不再足以解决大城市的新现实，我将批判性地质疑使用超级多样性的观点是否更适合我们的分析。如今，移民的子女不再融入多数群体，而是融入了一个庞大的族裔群体混合体。除了族裔群体的多样化之外，我们还看到第二代和第三代族裔群体内部的多样化。我将集中讨论代际社会流动模式，因为它们是现有同化大理论的关键。我认为，超级多样性理论只能部分地为我们指明方向。为了进一步构建另一种理论视角，我们还需要借鉴交叉研究方法和整合语境理论。
International migration changed large West European cities dramatically. In only two generations' time, their ethnic make-up is turned upside down. Cities like Amsterdam and Brussels now are majority-minority cities: the old majority group became a minority. This new reality asks for an up-to-date perspective on assimilation and integration. In this article, I will show why grand theories like segmented and new assimilation theory no longer suffice in tackling that new reality of large cities, and I will question critically whether using the perspective of super-diversity is more pertinent for our analyses. Children of immigrants nowadays no longer integrate into the majority group, but into a large amalgam of ethnic groups. Next to the diversification of ethnic groups, we see diversification within ethnic groups in the second and third generations. I will focus on intergenerational social mobility patterns given that they are key to existing grand theories of assimilation. I will argue that super-diversity theory can only partially show us the way. To further build an alternative theoretical perspective, we also need to borrow from the intersectional approach and the integration context theory.