Diversity and seasonal variation of marine phytoplankton in Jiaozhou Bay, China revealed by morphological observation and metabarcoding
Diversity and seasonal variation of marine phytoplankton in Jiaozhou Bay, China revealed by morphological observation and metabarcoding
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形态观测和元条形码揭示胶州湾海洋浮游植物多样性和季节变化
DOI：
10.1007/s00343-021-0457-7
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发表时间：
2021-06-24
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Li, Caiwen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Tiantian;Zhang, Yingxin;Li, Caiwen
浮游植物是海洋环境的核心组成部分，是生产和呼吸预算的主要参与者。然而，它们的多样性和分布模式仍然知之甚少，主要是由于它们的小尺寸和不显眼的形态，已通过应用传统的形态学方法在过去的二十年中确定。为更好地了解胶州湾浮游植物的组成和多样性，2019年进行了季节性采样，并对样品进行了形态观察和高通量测序分析，从中发现浮游植物组成和比例丰度存在明显的季节变化。Metabarcoding揭示了浮游植物的多样性和物种丰富度比形态观测，特别是相对于甲藻。全年浮游植物以硅藻为主，其中海纹藻和硅藻为共优势种。寄生甲藻（如变形虫属Amoebophrya）在形态学观察中往往被忽视，但在元条码数据集中却占优势，且多样性较高，因此应更多地关注寄生甲藻的潜在作用。温度、叶绿素和营养盐水平是影响浮游植物分布的主要因素。这项研究提供了一个全面的浮游植物的形态和分子描述，并清楚地表明了分子技术在探索浮游植物群落的重要性。更广泛地使用分子技术将有助于更深入地了解不同物种的生态重要性。
Phytoplankton are central components of marine environments, and are major players in the production and respiration budgeting. However, their diversity and distribution patterns are still poorly understood due largely to their small sizes and inconspicuous morphology that have been determined via the application of traditional morphology methods over the past two decades. To better understand the composition and diversity of phytoplankton in Jiaozhou Bay, China, seasonal sampling was carried out in 2019 and samples were analyzed with morphological observations and high-throughput sequencing, from which obvious seasonal variations in phytoplankton composition and proportional abundances were uncovered. Metabarcoding revealed far more diversity and species richness of phytoplankton than morphological observations, especially with respect to dinoflagellates. Diatoms were the most dominant phytoplankton group throughout the year, of whichThalassionemaandSkeletonemawere co-dominant in the bay. Parasitic dinoflagellates (e.g.Amoebophrya), which is often overlooked in the morphological observations, were in dominance and high diversity in the metabarcoding dataset, thus more attention should be paid to exploring the potential role of parasitic dinoflagellates. Temperature, chlorophylla, and nutrient levels were the main influential factors on the distribution of phytoplankton. This study provided a comprehensive morphological and molecular description of phytoplankton and clearly demonstrated the importance of molecular technology in exploring phytoplankton communities. More-widespread use of molecular technology will facilitate deeper understanding of the ecological importance of the different species.