Whose Zero Tolerance Counts? Reassessing a Zero Tolerance Policy against Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by UN Peacekeepers
Whose Zero Tolerance Counts? Reassessing a Zero Tolerance Policy against Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by UN Peacekeepers
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DOI：
10.1080/13533311003625092
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Kanetake, Machiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kanetake, Machiko
联合国对性剥削和性虐待零容忍的承诺自2003年秘书长的“公报”以来得到了加强，必须从公众对维和人员性行为不端的不容忍来理解。虽然联合国致力于恢复公众的信心，但由于联合国的指挥权有限，如果特遣队派遣国不采取同样的政策，就无法有效执行这项政策，而根据2007年订正的示范谅解备忘录，特遣队派遣国将发挥更大的作用。此外，并非所有受害者都赞同联合国的零容忍承诺，因为他们担心自己可能会失去唯一的谋生手段。虽然可能需要时间来缓解现有的障碍，使所有有关行为者协调一致，但公众可能不会容忍到允许进一步暂停。
The UN's commitment to zero tolerance for sexual exploitation and abuse, which has been strengthened ever since the Secretary-General's 2003 'Bulletin', must be understood against the general public's non-tolerance of sexual misconduct by peacekeepers. While the UN has devoted its energy to restoring the public's confidence, the implementation of the policy cannot be effective, due to the limits of the UN's command authority, without the adoption of the same policy in contingent-contributing countries, who assume even greater roles under the revised model memorandum of understanding in 2007. Furthermore, not all victims approve the UN's zero tolerance pledge, out of fear that they may lose their only recourse to making a living. While it will likely take time to alleviate existing obstacles to align all the actors involved, the general public may not be tolerant enough to allow a further moratorium.