Social gradient in initiation and transition to daily use of tobacco and cannabis during adolescence: a retrospective cohort study
Social gradient in initiation and transition to daily use of tobacco and cannabis during adolescence: a retrospective cohort study
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03447.x
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Khlat, Myriam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Legleye, Stephane;Janssen, Eric;Khlat, Myriam
本研究旨在探讨家庭社会经济地位(F-SES)和学校状况是否会对青少年时期烟草和大麻的开始和过渡到日常使用产生影响。设计和背景一项法国全国范围的横断面调查，于2005年进行，包含回溯性数据。受试者为法国17岁青少年(n=29393)。F-SES由父母双方的最高职业类别定义，有七个类别，从失业/不活跃到经理/专业人员。使用重复学年、离开学校、第一次醉酒和开始使用非法药物的年龄来模拟烟草和大麻的开始和过渡到日常使用的年龄，并进行了时间离散的逻辑回归。结果开始吸烟的风险在F-SES组中几乎平均分布，但在每个F-SES类别中，进展到日常使用的风险比经理/专业人员更高[优势比(OR)从1.17到1.90]。与管理人员/专业人员相比，所有F-SES类别开始吸食大麻的风险较低(OR从0.63到0.87)，但除农民外，所有类别转换为日常使用的风险增加：OR范围在1.29(中等)到1.98(失业/非活跃)之间。重复学习年限和离开学校预测每天吸烟(OR=2.00和2.37)和大麻(OR=4.58和2.07)。结论来自最高家庭社会经济地位类别的青少年有尝试烟草和大麻的风险，但不太倾向于日常使用。应调查阻碍向日常使用过渡的心理和社会机制，包括学业成绩和表现。
Aims This study explores whether the family socio-economic status (F-SES) and school situation could have an impact on tobacco and cannabis initiation and transition to daily use during adolescence. Design and setting A French cross-sectional nation-wide survey conducted in 2005 containing retrospective data. Participants French teenagers aged 17 (n = 29 393). Measurement The F-SES was defined by the highest occupational category of either parent, with seven categories ranging from unemployed/inactive to managers/professionals. Ages at repeat school years, at leaving school, at the first episode of drunkenness and at initiation of illicit drug use were used to model tobacco and cannabis initiation and transition to daily use with time-discrete logistic regressions. Findings The risk for tobacco initiation was almost equally distributed across F-SES groups, but the risk of a progression to daily use was higher in every F-SES category compared to managers/professionals [ odds ratio (OR) from 1.17 to 1.90]. Compared to managers/professionals, risk of cannabis initiation was lower in all F-SES categories (OR from 0.63 to 0.87), but all categories except farmers were at increased risk of transition to daily use: the OR range between 1.29 (intermediate) and 1.98 (unemployed/inactive). Repeating school years and leaving school predicted daily use of tobacco (OR = 2.00 and 2.37) and cannabis (4.58 and 2.07). Conclusions Adolescents from the highest family socio-economic status categories are at risk for tobacco and cannabis experimentation but are less prone to engage in daily use. Psychological and social mechanisms that inhibit transition to daily use should be investigated, including school attainment and performance.