Geo-environmental issues induced by the 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake and tsunami
Geo-environmental issues induced by the 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake and tsunami
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DOI：
10.1016/j.sandf.2012.11.008
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Katsumi, Takeshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Inui, Toru;Yasutaka, Tetsuo;Katsumi, Takeshi
2011年3月11日，日本东北太平洋沿岸发生地震，主要在东北和关东北部沿海地区造成了毁灭性的岩土工程和地质环境问题。由于地震和随后的海啸，产生了大约23，000千兆克（23，000，000吨）的灾难碎片，在洪水泛滥地区留下了超过1200万立方米的海啸沉积物。灾难碎片和海啸沉积物中土壤部分的岩土工程利用对岩土工程师提出了巨大的挑战，因为（1）碎片和海啸沉积物的清理是一项必须在几年内完成的紧迫任务，（2）尽管大量的废物混合土壤可以用于建造新的堤坝和堤坝以保护海岸免受未来海啸的影响，其岩土性质具有时间和空间上的变化。本文从岩土工程和地质环境的角度，综述了灾害垃圾和海啸堆积物的产生、清理、处理和利用的现状。此外，简要回顾了在受影响地区进行的土壤和地下水质量环境监测数据。不同组织进行的几次大面积监测工作的结果表明，没有发生严重的土壤或地下水污染。然而，在今后的复兴和重建工作中，需要认真考虑到由于地震和海啸而泄漏有毒化学品的工厂附近的局部污染。另一个严重的地质环境问题是对福岛第一核电站事故造成的表层土壤放射性污染的管理。本文总结了放射性铯在土壤和地下水中的分布和预期行为，并概述了处理这种污染的可能的补救方案。(C)2012年，日本地质学会。Elsevier B.V.制作和主持。保留所有权利。
The 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake of March 11, 2011, caused devastating geotechnical and geo-environmental issues mainly in the coastal area of the Tohoku and North-Kanto Regions, Japan. As a result of the earthquake and subsequent tsunami, approximately 23,000 Gg (23,000,000 t) of disaster debris was generated, with more than 12 million m(3) of tsunami deposits left in the flooded area. The geotechnical utilization of the soil fraction in the disaster debris and tsunami deposits has presented a huge challenge to geotechnical engineers since (1) the clearance of debris and tsunami deposits is an urgent task which must be completed within a few years and (2) although a large amount of waste-mixed soil can be used in the construction of new embankments and levees to protect the coast from future tsunamis, their geotechnical properties have temporal and spatial variations. This paper summarizes the current status on the generation, clearance, and treatment and utilization of disaster debris and tsunami deposits from geotechnical and geo-environmental viewpoints. In addition, the environmental monitoring data on soil and groundwater quality conducted over the affected area is briefly reviewed. The results of several wide-area monitoring efforts conducted by different organizations indicate that no significant soil or groundwater contamination has occurred. However, the localized contamination near industrial plants where toxic chemicals leaked due to the earthquake and tsunami needs to be carefully taken into consideration during future revival and redevelopment works. Another serious geo-environmental issue is the management of the radioactive contamination of surface soils caused by the accident at the Fukushima First Nuclear Power Plant. This paper summarizes the distributions and expected behaviours of radioactive Caesium in soils and groundwater, and outlines the possible remediation options for dealing with this contamination. (C) 2012 The Japanese Geotechnical Society. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.