Educational and occupational underattainment in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A controlled study
Educational and occupational underattainment in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A controlled study
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DOI：
10.4088/jcp.v69n0803
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Faraone, Stephen V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Biederman, Joseph;Petty, Carter R.;Faraone, Stephen V.
目的：注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)一直与智力、教育和就业缺陷有关。这项研究对受试者进行评估，以确定与ADHD相关的教育和职业缺陷是他们的智力所预期的，还是低于他们的智力所预期的。方法：参与者来自于一项病例对照研究，研究对象为患有(N=224)和没有(N=146)DSM-IV ADHD的成年人。受试者通过结构化的诊断性访谈和神经心理学评估进行全面评估。教育和职业成就以霍林希德社会经济地位量表为基础。使用有序Logistic回归模型计算ADHD参与者的预期教育和职业水平，作为年龄、性别和对照组全量智商的函数。这项研究是在1998年至2003年进行的。结果：根据智商，ADHD患者被预测的教育程度明显高于他们实际获得的教育程度。此外，根据他们观察到的教育，ADHD的参与者被预测有比实际观察到的更高的职业水平。结论：这些发现表明，相对于基于智力潜力的预期，ADHD与显著的教育和职业成就不足有关。
Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been consistently associated with intellectual, educational, and employment deficits. This study evaluated subjects to determine whether the educational and occupational deficits associated with ADHD are what would be expected given their intellectual abilities or lower than expected given their intellectual abilities.Method: Participants derived from a case-control study of adults with (N = 224) and without (N = 146) DSM-IV ADHD. Subjects were comprehensively assessed with structured diagnostic interviews and neuropsychological assessments. Educational and occupational attainments were based on Hollingshead socioeconomic status scale. The expected educational and occupational levels of participants with ADHD were computed using ordered logistic regression models as a function of age, sex, and full scale IQ of controls. The study was conducted from 1998 to 2003.Results: Based on their IQ, subjects with ADHD were predicted to have significantly more education than they actually attained. Additionally, based on their observed education, participants with ADHD were predicted to have significantly higher occupational levels than actually observed.Conclusion: These findings indicate that ADHD is associated with significant educational and occupational underattainments relative to what would have been expected on the basis of intellectual potential.