High Sex Ratios at Birth in the Caucasus: Modern Technology to Satisfy Old Desires
High Sex Ratios at Birth in the Caucasus: Modern Technology to Satisfy Old Desires
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1728-4457.2012.00513.x
复制
发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Kuyumjyan, Karine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duthe, Geraldine;Mesle, France;Kuyumjyan, Karine
在20世纪90年代，亚美尼亚、阿塞拜疆和格鲁吉亚这三个独立的高加索国家的出生性别比同时大幅增加。在21世纪第一个十年结束时，亚美尼亚和阿塞拜疆的男婴比例仍然异常高(每100名女婴中有114名男婴出生)，格鲁吉亚的趋势也不稳定。通过对2005年前后进行的人口调查数据的分析，我们证实了这三个国家的高性别比率持续存在，并记录了根据先前的一个或多个孩子的性别在生育意愿和行为方面的显著差异，这构成了性别选择性堕胎做法的证据。这些国家结合了使这一现象成为可能的社会特征和医疗制度：低生育率背景下的重男轻女，以及产前性别选择的可能性，因为很容易进行超声波检查和人工流产。然而，为什么高性别比例只出现在该次区域的这三个国家，这仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。
During the 1990s, the sex ratio at birth increased considerably and simultaneously in the three independent Caucasian countries, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. At the end of the first decade of the twenty-first century, levels remain abnormally high in Armenia and Azerbaijan (above 114 male births per 100 female births) and show erratic trends in Georgia. Analyzing data from demographic surveys carried out around 2005, we confirm the persistence of high sex ratios in these three countries and document significant differences in fertility intentions and behavior according to the sex of the previous child or children that constitute evidence of the practice of sex-selective abortion. These countries combine societal features and medical systems that make this phenomenon possible: son preference in a context of low fertility and the possibility of prenatal sex selection given easy access to ultrasound screening and induced abortion. Why high sex ratios are observed only in these three countries of the sub-region remains, however, an open question.