Greening Berlin: The Co-Production of Science, Politics, and Urban Nature
Greening Berlin: The Co-Production of Science, Politics, and Urban Nature
复制标题
绿化柏林：科学、政治和城市自然的共同产物
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Lachmund
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Lachmund
尽管自然保护传统上以农村为重点，但生物多样性保护问题也出现在许多城市的政治议程上。这一全球趋势的一个标志性例子是德国的柏林，自1970年代以来，柏林的城市规划得到了系统的“生态区保护”政策的补充--起初只在有围墙的西柏林城岛，但后来遍及整个统一的首都。在《绿化柏林》一书中，延斯·拉克蒙德以柏林为例，考察了导致这一变化的科学和政治动态。在描述了始于19世纪末的柏林城市绿化传统之后，拉克蒙德详细介绍了二战后出现在西柏林并在统一后的柏林继续进行的城市生态和自然保护实践。他讲述了生态学家和博物学家如何创造了对城市空间的生态理解，这是后来自然保护政策的基础。拉克蒙德认为，生态学中的科学变化和新的自然政治在柏林当地特定的条件下相互塑造或“共同产生”。他展示了生态学家的实践如何与管理实践相结合，形成了一个在制度上根深蒂固的、具有政治意义的“自然制度”。拉克蒙德的研究不仅揭示了自然在现代城市中不断变化的地位，也揭示了科学在环境冲突中的政治用途，展示了在城市背景下科学、政治和自然的相互形成。
Although nature conservation has traditionally focused on the countryside, issues of biodiversity protection also appear on the political agendas of many cities. One of the emblematic examples of this now worldwide trend has been the German city of Berlin, where, since the 1970s, urban planning has been complemented by a systematic policy of "biotope protection" -- at first only in the walled city island of West Berlin, but subsequently across the whole of the reunified capital. In Greening Berlin, Jens Lachmund uses the example of Berlin to examine the scientific and political dynamics that produced this change. After describing a tradition of urban greening in Berlin that began in the late nineteenth century, Lachmund details the practices of urban ecology and nature preservation that emerged in West Berlin after World War II and have continued in post-unification Berlin. He tells how ecologists and naturalists created an ecological understanding of urban space on which later nature-conservation policy was based. Lachmund argues that scientific change in ecology and the new politics of nature mutually shaped or "co-produced" each other under locally specific conditions in Berlin. He shows how the practices of ecologists coalesced with administrative practices to form an institutionally embedded and politically consequential "nature regime." Lachmund's study sheds light not only on the changing place of nature in the modern city but also on the political use of science in environmental conflicts, showing the mutual formation of science, politics, and nature in an urban context.