Bacterial populations of normal and ulcerated mantle tissue of the squid, Lolliguncula brevis.
Bacterial populations of normal and ulcerated mantle tissue of the squid, Lolliguncula brevis.
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DOI：
10.1016/0022-2011(86)90138-2
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发表时间：
1986-07
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
L. Ford;S. K. Alexander;K. M. Cooper;R. Hanlon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Ford;S. K. Alexander;K. M. Cooper;R. Hanlon
气单胞菌、假单胞菌、弧菌和芽孢杆菌是从实验室饲养和野外捕获的短对虾正常和溃烂的外套膜组织中分离到的。实验室维护的鱿鱼(n=11)通常有超过105个活细菌细胞/cm2正常外套组织。相反，野生捕获的鱿鱼(n=30)的活细菌细胞/cm2外套组织少于104个，显著低于实验室饲养的动物(P<；0.05)。这一增长似乎主要是由于弧菌的增加。在实验室饲养的鱿鱼中，正常和溃烂外套膜表面的细菌种类和浓度是相似的。显微镜检查显示，大量细菌只与溃疡组织有关。这些结果不足以证明是细菌引起了溃疡。皮肤的物理损伤和其他不确定的压力因素很可能是实验室饲养的动物表面细菌浓度高和溃疡发生率的原因。在引入维护系统之前对动物进行抗菌处理，然后进行常规处理，可能会有效地将表面细菌数量降至最低。药敏试验(纸片扩散法)表明，氯霉素、卡那霉素、土霉素、硝呋喃和呋喃西林对鱿鱼和海水外套膜表面的细菌分离物有48%~80%的杀灭效果。其中，硝呋喃和呋喃西林在低浓度海水中(15μg/L)比较稳定。试验(24小时洗浴)使用硝呋喃(0.1毫克/升)和呋喃西林(2毫克/升)对大多数鱿鱼是非致命的，建议将其作为实验室饲养的鱿鱼未来治疗方案的起点。
Species ofAeromonas, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, andBacilluswere isolated from normal and ulcerated mantle tissue of laboratory-maintained and wild-caughtLolliguncula brevis. Laboratorymaintained squids (n= 11) typically had greater than 105viable bacterial cells/cm2normal mantle tissue. Conversely, wild-caught squids (n= 30) had fewer than 104viable bacterial cells/cm2mantle tissue, which was significantly lower (P< 0.05) than the number for laboratory-maintained animals. This increase appeared to be due primarily to increases inVibriosp. In laboratory-maintained squids, bacterial species and concentrations on normal versus ulcerated mantle surfaces were similar. Microscopical examinations indicated large numbers of bacteria associated only with ulcerated tissues. These results provide insufficient evidence to indicate that bacteria cause ulceration. Physical damage to the skin and other undefined stress factors are most likely responsible for high concentrations of surface bacteria and the incidence of ulceration in laboratory-maintained animals. Antibacterial treatment of animals prior to introduction to the maintenance system and regular treatments thereafter may be effective in minimizing surface bacterial populations. Antibacterial susceptibility (disc-diffusion) tests indicate that chloramphenicol, kanamycin, oxytetracycline, nifurpirinol, and nitrofurazone were effective against 48–80% of the bacterial isolates from the mantle surfaces of squids and sea water. Of these, nifurpirinol and nitrofurazone were stable in sea water at low concentrations (15 μg/liter). Trial treatments (24-hr bath) with nifurpirinol (0.1 mg/liter) and nitrofurazone (2 mg/liter) were nonlethal to most squids and are recommended as a starting point for future treatment protocols of laboratory-maintained squids.