Alcohol Consumption and Mortality in Russia since 2000: Are there any Changes Following the Alcohol Policy Changes Starting in 2006?
Alcohol Consumption and Mortality in Russia since 2000: Are there any Changes Following the Alcohol Policy Changes Starting in 2006?
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DOI：
10.1093/alcalc/ags134
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Rehm, Juergen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Neufeld, Maria;Rehm, Juergen
目的：阐明俄罗斯酒精控制政策对2000-2010年期间酒精消费和酒精相关死亡率的可能影响。方法：叙述性回顾，包括统计分析。比较了2006年前后的趋势，2006年是俄罗斯政府减少与酒精有关的危害的长期战略的实施日期。死亡率数据取自世界卫生组织(WHO)数据库“人人享有健康”。记录的酒精消费量数据来自世界卫生组织，基于俄罗斯统计局(Rosstat)。对于未记录的消费量，使用了亚历山大·涅姆佐夫的计算。研究人员利用了俄罗斯关于饮酒习惯的民意调查。酒精依赖的治疗数据来自莫斯科国家成瘾研究中心。有关酒精政策的信息来自官方报告。结果：在回顾期间观察到劳动年龄人口的全因死亡率和与酒精相关的死亡率有显著波动。自2005年底俄罗斯政府最初通过酒类生产和销售条例以来，总消费量和死亡率有所下降。消费变化是由有记录和未记录的烈性酒消费的下降推动的，但啤酒和葡萄酒消费的增长仅部分抵消了这一下降。结论：在俄罗斯，酒精是导致过早死亡的重要因素，饮酒量和饮酒模式都对健康有害。自2006年开始实施的规定似乎对饮酒行为和健康结果都产生了积极影响。然而，迫切需要进一步的酒精控制战略，以减少与酒精有关的危害。
Aims: To elucidate the possible effects of Russian alcohol control policy on alcohol consumption and alcohol-related mortality for the period 2000-2010. Methods: Narrative review including statistical analysis. Trends before and after 2006 are compared, 2006 being the date of implementation of the Russian government's long-term strategy to reduce alcohol-related harms. Mortality data were taken from the World Health Organization (WHO) database 'Health for All'. Data on recorded alcohol consumption were taken from the WHO, based on the Russian Statistical Service (Rosstat). For unrecorded consumption, the calculations of Alexandr Nemtsov were used. Russian public opinion surveys on drinking habits were utilized. Treatment data on alcohol dependence were obtained from the Moscow National Research Centre on Addictions. Information on alcohol policy was obtained from official reports. Results: Marked fluctuations in all-cause and alcohol-associated mortality in the working-age population were observed during the reviewed period. A decrease in total consumption and mortality was noted since the end of 2005, when the Russian government initially adopted the regulation of alcohol production and sale. The consumption changes were driven by decreases in recorded and unrecorded spirit consumption, only partly compensated for by increases in beer and wine consumption. Conclusions: Alcohol is a strong contributor to premature deaths in Russia, with both the volume and the pattern of consumption being detrimental to health. The regulations introduced since 2006 seem to have positive effects on both drinking behavior and health outcomes. However, there is an urgent need for further alcohol-control strategies to reduce alcohol-related harm.