A Next Generation of Advances in Chromosome Architecture.
A Next Generation of Advances in Chromosome Architecture.
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染色体结构的下一代进展。
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-0716-2221-6_1
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Leake MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Leake MC
对染色体结构、其分子组成、结构和空间位置以及时间分辨特征的新认识，通过位于生命科学和物理科学界面的一系列开拓性跨学科方法的发展而得到了极大的发展。这些涉及几个国家的最先进的“生命物理学”的工具，都是实验和理论，结合分子生物学方法，使染色体的结构和功能的研究在体外，在体内，甚至在硅片。特别是，朝着更大的量化方向发展，使我们的理解发生了变革性的飞跃。这些都涉及到宝贵的改进，如在体内的超分辨光学显微镜和单分子生物物理学方法，这有利于探测动态染色体过程迄今不可能的定量测量的空间和时间分辨率。同样，在理论生物物理学方法方面也取得了重要进展，这些方法使预测建模的进展能够产生对生命所有领域染色体操作模式的新理解。在这里，我讨论这些进展，并审查我们的知识的染色体结构和猜测，未来的进展可能会导致目前的状态。
New insight into the architecture of chromosomes, their molecular composition, structure and spatial location, and time-resolved features, has grown enormously through developments of a range of pioneering interdisciplinary approaches that lie at the interface of the life and physical sciences. These involve several state-of-the-art “physics of life” tools that are both experimental and theoretical, used in conjunction with molecular biology methods which enable investigation of chromosome structure and function in vitro, in vivo, and even in silico. In particular, a move towards far greater quantitation has enabled transformative leaps in our understanding. These have involved valuable improvements to the spatial and temporal resolution of quantitative measurements, such as in vivo super-resolved light microscopy and single-molecule biophysics methods, which facilitate probing of dynamic chromosome processes hitherto impossible. Similarly, there have been important advances in the theoretical biophysics approaches which have enabled advances in predictive modeling to generate new understanding of the modes of operation of chromosomes across all domains of life. Here, I discuss these advances, and review the current state of our knowledge of chromosome architecture and speculation where future advances may lead.